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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экстремальная биомедицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extreme Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8964</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8972</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47183/mes.2024-26-3-98-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mes-14</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современный подход в микрохирургическом устранении дефектов языка с применением компьютерного цифрового планирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern approach in microsurgical elimination of tongue defects using computerized digital planning</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3066-8373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хачатрян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khachatryan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хачатрян Арбак Арманович </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drarbak@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9423-2221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарян</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarian</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назарян Давид Назаретович, д-р мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sponsor.tedxsechenov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4001-5317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черненький</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernenkiy</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черненький Михаил Михайлович</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tedxsechenovuniversity@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-1364</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джуганова</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhuganova</surname><given-names>V. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джуганова Виктория Олеговна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">viktorijadzhuganova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4372-7723</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федосов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedosov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федосов Александр Викторович</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.fedosov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3406-2088</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захаров Георгий Карленович </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gevor23233@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2405-0104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Потапов Максим Борисович</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzhuganova-viktorija@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0022-4923</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данищук</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danishuk</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данищук Ольга Игоревна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plasticsurgeryteam@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9548-5730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипенко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осипенко Екатерина Владимировна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nxhosipenko71@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-7818</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михеева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Micheeva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михеева Евгения Игоревна </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jenya.skvortsova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр оториноларингологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Otorlaryngology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный клинический центр высоких медицинских технологий Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Clinical Center for High Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хачатрян А.А., Назарян Д.Н., Черненький М.М., Джуганова В.О., Федосов А.В., Захаров Г.К., Потапов М.Б., Данищук О.И., Осипенко Е.В., Михеева Е.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хачатрян А.А., Назарян Д.Н., Черненький М.М., Джуганова В.О., Федосов А.В., Захаров Г.К., Потапов М.Б., Данищук О.И., Осипенко Е.В., Михеева Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khachatryan A.A., Nazarian D.N., Chernenkiy M.M., Dzhuganova V.О., Fedosov A.V., Zakharov G.K., Potapov M.B., Danishuk O.I., Osipenko E.V., Micheeva E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/14">https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/14</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Принцип лечения злокачественных новообразований слизистой оболочки ротовой полости подразумевает комбинированное лечение, первым этапом которого является хирургический метод. Большинство хирургических методов не являются персонализированными и основаны на резекции языка, затрагивающей больше половины органа, что приводит к существенному функциональному дефициту и инвалидизации пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. На серии клинических случаев продемонстрировать возможность устранения дефектов языка с применением предоперационного компьютерного 3D-планирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. За период с 2021 по 2024 г. в условиях отделения ЧЛХ ФГБУ НМИЦО ФМБА России с применением компьютерного цифрового 3D-планирования были прооперированы 4 пациента (3 мужчин и 1 женщина) с первичным раком боковой поверхности языка. Средний возраст больных составил 53 года. Средний период наблюдения 14 мес, за период наблюдения ни у одного пациента не было отмечено продолженного роста или рецидива новообразования. Пациенты были представлены со стадиями рТ1–рТ4, без поражения регионарных лимфатических узлов (N0). Пациентам на предоперационном этапе проведены инструментальные и клинико-лабораторные исследования по стандартизированному протоколу. Для оценки эффективности лечения и качества жизни все пациенты на предоперационном и постоперационном этапах были анкетированы по опросникам Европейской организации по исследованию и лечению рака головы и шеи.</p><p>Компьютерное моделирование оперативного вмешательства осуществлялось в программах Slicer и Blender, печать шаблонов выполнялась на 3D-принтере Elegoo Saturn 2. Произведена оценка функций речи и глотания с использованием протокола Покровского и программного обеспечения Vospector-DSI на предоперационном и постоперационном этапах. Лечащим врачом проводились антропофотометрия и видеофиксация речи пациентов и их жалоб на всех этапах курации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Всем пациентам была выполнена гемиглоссэктомия и профилактическая шейная лимфодиссекция на стороне поражения с одномоментной реконструкцией языка лучевым лоскутом предплечья с использованием предоперационного компьютерного 3D-планирования. Выживаемость лоскутов составила 100% во всей серии наблюдений. Онкологическая радикальность у всех пациентов была обеспечена R0. Среднее время оперативного вмешательства составило 288 мин. Постоперационный период проходил без осложенией, средний период пребывания пациентов в стационаре составил 14 сут, отдаленный период наблюдения — от 6 до 20 мес. У всех пациентов достигнут хороший эстетический результат, акустические параметры речи в пределах нормальных значений, средний коэффициент слоговой разборчивости речи по Покровскому составил 88%. Все пациенты были адаптированы к своей привычной диете и профессиональной деятельности без ограничений. По результатам опросников Европейской организации по исследованию и лечению рака головы и шеи (European organization for research and treatment of cancer (EORTC) quality of life questionnaires for head and neck module (QLQ-H&amp;N35), European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire) пациенты оценили качество своей жизни после оперативного лечения как хорошее в трех случаях и отличное в одном случае.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Использованный нами алгоритм предоперационного компьютерного 3D-планирования является перспективным. Применение операционных щаблонов позволило достичь адекватной онкологической радикальности, синхронизировать работу двух хирургических бригад, сократить время анестезиологического пособия (среднее время оперативного вмешательства 288 мин) и достичь оптимальных функциональных и эстетических результатов. Ввиду подвижности языка и изменчивости его формы требуется создание новых протоколов предоперационной инструментальной диагностики для стандартизации положения языка в ротовой полости. Данная методика требует дальнейшего совершенствования на большей группе пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The treatment of malignant neoplasms of the oral mucosa implies a combined treatment, whose first stage generally involves surgery. However, the most common non-personalized surgical methods are based on resection of the tongue, often affecting more than half of the organ, which can lead to significant functional deficiency and disability of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To demonstrate the possibility of tongue defect reconstruction using preoperative computer 3D planning through clinical cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Маterials and methods</title><p>Маterials and methods. From 2021 to 2024, four patients with primary cancer of the lateral surface of the tongue were operated on using this methodology at the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the NMICO FMBA of Russia. All patients underwent hemiglossectomy and preventive cervical lymphadenectomy on the affected side, with simultaneous reconstruction of the tongue using a radial forearm flap. The average age of the patients was 53 years; males outnumbered females by a ratio of 3:1. Patients presented with stages rT1-rT4; histological examination revealed no regional lymph node involvement (N0) in any patient. Preoperative instrumental examinations included: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the soft tissues of the maxillofacial area with contrast enhancement; multislice computed tomography (MSCT) of the maxillofacial area with contrast enhancement; MSCT of the donor area (forearm) with contrast enhancement; Doppler ultrasound of the brachiocephalic trunk vessels and donor area vessels; transnasal endoscopic laryngoscopy with swallowing tests (three-swallow test) with video recording. All patients were surveyed preoperatively and postoperatively using EORT QLQ — H&amp;N35, EORT QLQ — C30, FACT– H&amp;N, MD Anderson, and VHI-10 questionnaires. Patients with abundant hair in the donor area underwent laser hair removal prior to hospitalization. After performing computer simulation of the surgical intervention using Slicer and Blender software, templates were printed on a Elegoo Saturn 2 printer. Assessment of speech and swallowing functions was carried out by a speech therapist specializing in these areas using the Pokrovsky protocol and Vospector-DSI software at both preoperative and postoperative stages. The attending physician performed anthropophotometry and video recording of patient complaints and speech at all stages of care. The postoperative period was without complications; nasogastric tubes were removed on the 12th day; the average hospital stay was 14 days.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The flap survival rate was 100% across the entire series of observations. Oncological radicality was achieved at R0 for all patients. The average duration of the surgical intervention was 288 minutes. In three patients, the acoustic parameters of speech were within normal limits (in one patient, this parameter could not be assessed due to systemic speech underdevelopment caused by hearing impairment). The average syllable intelligibility coefficient according to Pokrovsky was 88%. All patients adapted to their usual diet and continued their professional activities. According to the results of the EORT QLQ — H&amp;N35, EORT QLQ — C30, and FACT — H&amp;N questionnaires, patients rated their quality of life as good in one case and excellent in three cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The developed algorithm for preoperative computer planning is promising. The use of surgical templates allowed for adequate oncological radicality, synchronized the simultaneous work of two surgical teams, reduced the duration of anesthetic assistance (with an average surgical intervention time of 288 minutes), and achieved good functional and aesthetic results. However, this methodology requires further refinement in a larger group of patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак языка</kwd><kwd>гемиглоссэктомия</kwd><kwd>микрохирургия</kwd><kwd>лучевой лоскут</kwd><kwd>свободный лоскут</kwd><kwd>3D-реконструкция</kwd><kwd>реконструкция языка</kwd><kwd>3D-принтер</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tongue cancer</kwd><kwd>hemiglossectomy</kwd><kwd>microsurgery</kwd><kwd>radial flap</kwd><kwd>free flap</kwd><kwd>3D reconstruction</kwd><kwd>tongue reconstruction</kwd><kwd>3D printer</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sarode G, Maniyar N, Sarode SC, Jafer M, Patil S, Awan KH. Epidemiologic aspects of oral cancer. 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