mesЭкстремальная биомедицинаExtreme Medicine3033-89643033-8972Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.47183/mes.2022.023mes-185Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWРоль белков LINC-комплекса в формировании сперматозоидовRole of LINC complex proteins in sperm formationКурчашоваС. Ю.KurchashovaS. Yu.

Светлана Юрьевна Курчашова

Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 40, г. Москва, 119992

Svetlana Yu. Kurchashova

Leninskie gory, 1–40, Moscow, 119992

svetlanak@belozersky.msu.ruГасановаТ. В.GasanovaT. V.

г. Москва

Moscow

БрагинаЕ. Е.BraginaE. E.

г. Москва

Moscow

Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии имени А. Н. Белозерского Московского государственного университета имени М. В. ЛомоносоваРоссияBelozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationБиологический факультет Московского государственного университета имени М. В. ЛомоносоваРоссияFaculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии имени А. Н. Белозерского Московского государственного университета имени М. В. Ломоносова; Медико-генетический научный центр имени Н. П. БочковаРоссияBelozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Bochkov Medical Genetic Research CenterRussian Federation202228102024242513Copyright © Курчашова С.Ю., Гасанова Т.В., Брагина Е.Е., 20242024Курчашова С.Ю., Гасанова Т.В., Брагина Е.Е.Kurchashova S.Y., Gasanova T.V., Bragina E.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/185

Процесс сперматогенеза характеризуется значительными изменениями в трехмерной организации ядер в сперматоцитах, сперматидах и сперматозоидах. Элонгация ядра, биогенез акросомы, формирование жгутика требуют функциональной кооперации между белками ядерной оболочки и акроплаксомы/ манжеты. Помимо этого, ядерная оболочка обеспечивает неслучайное распределение хромосом в ядре. Белки комплекса, связывающего нуклеоскелет и цитоскелет (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton, LINC), участвуют во взаимодействии цито- и нуклеоскелета, а также управляют механотрансдукцией. В состав LINC-комплекса входят белки внешней и внутренней мембраны KASH и SUN соответственно. Белки LINC-комплекса вовлечены в формирование головки и жгутика сперматозоида, таким образом, они необходимы для мужской фертильности. В обзоре представлены вопросы локализации белков LINC-комплекса в клетках на последовательных стадиях сперматогенеза, роль в регуляции созревания сперматозоидов и мутации белков LINC-комплекса, приводящие к мужскому бесплодию.

Spermatogenesis is characterized by the significant changes of three-dimensional organization of the nucleus in spermatocytes, spermatides and spermatozoa. The functional cooperation between the nuclear envelope proteins and the acroplaxome/manchette is essential for nuclear elongation, acrosome biogenesis, formation of the flagellum. Furthermore, the nuclear envelope ensures the non-random chromosome arrangement within the nucleus. The LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex proteins are involved in interaction between the cytoskeleton and the nucleoskeleton, as well as in the control of mechanotransduction. The LINC complex contains proteins of the outer and inner nuclear membranes: KASH and SUN, respectively. The LINC complex proteins are involved in formation of the sperm head and flagellum, and are, therefore, essential for male fertility. This review will consider the issues of the LINC complex protein localization in cells during the successive stages of spermatogenesis, the role in regulation of sperm maturation, and mutations of the LINC complex proteins resulting in male infertility.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.