mesЭкстремальная биомедицинаExtreme Medicine3033-89643033-8972Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.47183/mes.2022.016mes-194Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕORIGINAL RESEARCHНейрофизиологическое исследование речевой функции у лиц, перенесших легкую форму COVID-19Neurophysiological assessment of speech function in individuals having a history of mild COVID-19ГуляевС. А.GulyaevS. A.

 Сергей Александрович Гуляев

ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 10, г. Москва, 117997

Sergey A. Gulyaev

Ostrovitianova, 1, str. 10, Moscow, 117997

sergruss@yandex.ruВоронковаЮ. А.VoronkovaYu. A.

г. Москва

Moscow

АбрамоваТ. А.AbramovaT. A.

г. Москва

Moscow

КовражкинаЕ. А.KovrazhkinaE. A.

г. Москва

Moscow

Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий Федерального медико-биологического агентстваРоссияFederal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies of Federal Medical and Biological AgencyRussian Federation2022281020242424249Copyright © Гуляев С.А., Воронкова Ю.А., Абрамова Т.А., Ковражкина Е.А., 20242024Гуляев С.А., Воронкова Ю.А., Абрамова Т.А., Ковражкина Е.А.Gulyaev S.A., Voronkova Y.A., Abramova T.A., Kovrazhkina E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/194

Одной из наиболее важных проблем современной нейрофизиологии является установление связи между данными объективных исследований и мыслительным процессом. Целью исследования был объективный анализ причин развития когнитивных дисфункций у лиц, перенесших легкую форму новой коронавирусной инфекции, с помощью технологии решения обратной ЭЭГ-задачи. Проведено обследование 38 человек, перенесших COVID-19 и вернувшихся к выполнению профессиональных обязанностей. Контрольную группу составили 33 здоровых человека. ЭЭГ регистрировали с помощью 128-канальной системы с усредненным референтом. Полученные данные сегментировали с выделением отдельных ЭЭГ-микросостояний и преобразовывали с помощью алгоритма решения обратной задачи ЭЭГ, реализованном в пакете прикладных программ sLORETA. У лиц, не болевших COVID-19, в состоянии пассивного расслабленного бодрствования во всех классах ЭЭГ-микросостояний присутствует компонент ритмической активности 47-го поля Бродмана, ответственного за восприятие и реализацию музыки (0,01 < p < 0,05; χ2-test). Слухоречевая нагрузка характеризовалась появлением ритмической активности над полями 22, 23, 37, 39, 40, 44, 45 и 47. У переболевших новой коронавирусной инфекцией в состоянии пассивного расслабленного бодрствования ритмическая активность была зарегистрирована над полями 22, 37, 39, 40. При слухоречевой нагрузке ритмическая активность выделялась над полями 37, 39 и 41 (p < 0,05; χ2 2-test). Таким образом, у лиц, перенесших COVID-19, выявлены изменения реализации речевой функции в виде дезорганизации последовательности включения основных речевых центров.

Establishing a link between the objective research data and the thought process is one of the major issues of modern neurophysiology. The study was aimed to find an opportunity to perform objective analysis of the causes of cognitive impairment in individuals having a history of mild novel coronavirus infection by solving the inverse EEG problem. A total of 38 COVID-19 survivors were assessed, who had returned to work. The control group included 33 healthy individuals. EEG was recorded using a 128-channel system with an average reference. The data obtained were subjected to the EEG microstate segmentation and converted using the algorithm for solving the inverse EEG problem implemented in the sLORETA software package. In individuals with no history of COVID-19 being in a state of relaxed wakefulness, the component of rhythmic activity within Brodmann area 47, responsible for perception and realization of music, was found in all classes of EEG microstates (0.01 < p < 0.05; χ2-test). Auditory-speech load was characterized by rhythmic activity within areas 22, 23, 37, 39, 40, 44, 45, and 47. In individuals having a history of novel coronavirus infection being in a state of relaxed wakefulness, rhythmic activity within areas 22, 37, 39, 40 was detected. Under auditory-speech load, there was rhythmic activity within areas 37, 39, and 41 (p < 0.05; 2-test). Thus, alterations in realization of speech function in the form of he disordered sequence of switching on the main language centers were revealed in COVID-19 survivors.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.