mesЭкстремальная биомедицинаExtreme Medicine3033-89643033-8972Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.47183/mes.2022.045mes-215Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕORIGINAL RESEARCHВычислительный фантом для дозиметрии красного костного мозга новорожденного ребенка от инкорпорированных бета-излучателейComputational phantom for red bone marrow dosimetry from incorporated beta emitters in a newborn babyШарагинП. А.SharaginP. A.

Павел Алексеевич Шарагин

ул. Воровского, д. 68-а, г. Челябинск, 454141

Pavel Alekseevich Sharagin

Vorovskogo, 68-а, Chelyabinsk, 454141

sharagin@urcrm.ruШишкинаЕ. А.ShishkinaE. A.

Челябинск

Chelyabinsk

ТолстыхЕ. И.TolstykhE. I.

Челябинск

Chelyabinsk

Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства РоссииРоссияUrals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the Federal Medical-Biological AgencyRussian FederationУральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства России; Челябинский государственный университетРоссияUrals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency; Chelyabinsk State UniversityRussian Federation2022291020242447482Copyright © Шарагин П.А., Шишкина Е.А., Толстых Е.И., 20242024Шарагин П.А., Шишкина Е.А., Толстых Е.И.Sharagin P.A., Shishkina E.A., Tolstykh E.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/215

Внутреннее облучение красного костного мозга (ККМ), обусловленное техногенными остеотропными радионуклидами, может приводить к серьезным медицинским последствиям. Так, радиоактивное загрязнение реки Течи в 1950-е годы стало причиной облучения ККМ у жителей прибрежных территорий, что привело к возникновению хронического лучевого синдрома у некоторых из них, а также повысило риск развития лейкозов в когорте этих жителей. Основными источниками внутреннего облучения ККМ были остеотропные бета-излучатели 89,90Sr. Усовершенствование дозиметрии внутреннего облучения ККМ является важным этапом уточнения рисков хронического радиационного воздействия для жителей прибрежных территорий. Для оценки поглощенной энергии в ККМ от инкорпорированного 90Sr используют вычислительные фантомы, в которых можно имитировать транспорт излучений. Фантом — это репрезентативное цифровое представление геометрии костей скелета и ККМ. Целью работы было разработать вычислительный фантом скелета новорожденного ребенка для дозиметрии ККМ от инкорпорированного 90Sr. Для моделирования скелета использовали оригинальную методику SPSD (Stochastic parametric skeletal dosimetry): участки скелета с активным гемопоэзом моделировали как набор фантомов простой геометрической формы, описывающих отдельные участки костей скелета. Содержание ККМ в скелете, а также параметры фантомов оценивали на основе опубликованных результатов измерений реальных костей. В результате был сгенерирован вычислительный фантом основных участков скелета с активным гемопоэзом для новорожденного ребенка, включающий 34 фантома участков костей. Смоделированный фантом имитирует структуру костной ткани, а также вариабельность параметров скелета внутри популяции и хорошо соответствует измерениям реальных костей.

Active (red) bone marrow (AM) exposure due to ingested bone-seeking radionuclides can lead to grave medical consequences. For example, a radioactive contamination of the Techa River in the 1950s caused exposure to AM for riverside residents and led to chronic radioactive exposure syndrome in some of them, with higher risk of leukemia. The main sources of the marrow exposure were the bone-seeking beta emitters 89,90Sr. Improving the dosimetry of AM internal exposure is an important step in clarifying the risks of chronic radiation exposure for riverside residents. To evaluate the energy absorbed by AM from incorporated 90Sr it is customary to use computational phantoms where radiation transport can be emulated. A phantom is a representative digital representation of skeletal bone geometry and AM The goal of this work was to develop a computational phantom of a newborn skeleton for dosimetry of AM from incorporated 90Sr. The researchers have used the Stochastic Parametric Skeletal Dosimetry method (SPSD), where hematopoietic sites were modeled as a set of phantoms of simple geometric shape describing individual skeletal bone areas. The AM content in the skeleton as well as the phantom parameters were evaluated on the basis of published measurements of real bones. As a result, a computational phantom of the main skeletal hematopoietic sites was generated for a newborn baby, including 34 phantoms of bone areas. The simulated phantom simulates the bone structure as well as the variability of skeletal parameters within the population and corresponds well to measurements of real bones.

красный костный мозгтрабекулярная костькортикальная костьдозиметрия костного мозгавычислительные фантомы90Sractive bone marrowtrabecular bonecortical bonebone marrow dosimetrycomputational phantoms90Srработа выполнена в рамках реализации федеральной целевой программы «Обеспечение ядерной и радиационной безопасности» и при финансовой поддержке Федерального медико-биологического агентства России. Методологические подходы были разработаны при финансовой поддержке Федерального медико-биологического агентства России и Управления международных программ здравоохранения Министерства энергетики США в рамках совместного американо-российского проекта JCCRER 1.1.The work was performed within the framework of the Federal Targeted Program "Nuclear and Radiation Safety" and was financially supported by the Federal Medical — Biological Agency of Russia. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.