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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экстремальная биомедицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extreme Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8964</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8972</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47183/mes.2024-26-4-141-148</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mes-232</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>НEMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование лактулозы в составе криоконсерванта для сохранения клеток крови</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Use of lactulose in the composition of blood cell cryopreservatives</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-8994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Власов Александр Александрович, канд. мед. наук</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alecs-aspirini@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9588-6902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андрусенко</surname><given-names>С. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrusenko</surname><given-names>S. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрусенко Светлана Федоровна, канд. биол. наук, доцент</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svet1677@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6629-5647</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анфиногенова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anfinogenova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анфиногенова Оксана Ивановна, канд. биол. наук, доцент</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zaxana@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8707-515X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эльканова</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elkanova</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эльканова Айшат Борисовна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aishat.elkanowa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1517-345X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каданова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каданова Анна Анатольевна</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varnina82@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4336-4021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>У. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>U. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорокина Ульяна Евгеньевна</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulianasorokina100920@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0865-2554</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбчинская</surname><given-names>Э. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybchinskaya</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыбчинская Эльвира Евгеньевна</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rybchinskaya_elvira@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4022-5020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доменюк</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Domenyuk</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доменюк Дмитрий Анатольевич, д-р. мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stavropol</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Caucasus Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>141</fpage><lpage>148</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Власов А.А., Андрусенко С.Ф., Анфиногенова О.И., Эльканова А.Б., Каданова А.А., Сорокина У.Е., Рыбчинская Э.Е., Доменюк Д.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Власов А.А., Андрусенко С.Ф., Анфиногенова О.И., Эльканова А.Б., Каданова А.А., Сорокина У.Е., Рыбчинская Э.Е., Доменюк Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vlasov A.A., Andrusenko S.F., Anfinogenova O.I., Elkanova A.B., Kadanova A.A., Sorokina U.E., Rybchinskaya E.E., Domenyuk D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/232">https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/232</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Криоконсервация позволяет длительно сохранять биоматериал, однако существует ряд проблем, связанных с недостаточной эффективностью криоконсервантов и токсичностью ряда криокомпонентов, в связи с чем актуален поиск низкотоксичных биосовместимых криоагентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка морфофункциональных особенностей форменных элементов крови в криоконсерванте с лактулозой на основании показателей лейкоцитарных, тромбоцитарных и эритроцитарных параметров для хранения цельной крови при умеренно низкой температуре (–20 С).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на 30 добровольцах-донорах женского пола в возрасте 18–23 лет. Объект исследования — периферическая венозная кровь, стабилизированная 3-замещенной калиевой солью этилендиаминтетрауксусной кислоты. При приготовлении модельного криоконсерванта был использован 0,9 % раствор хлорида натрия для поддержания изотонической концентрации. В качестве криопротекторов, проникающих в клетку, использовали глицерин и диметилсульфоксид, в качестве не проникающего — дисахарид лактулозу. Оптимизация состава криоконсерванта проводилась за счет варьирования массовых долей компонентов. Общий анализ крови выполняли на автоматическом гематологическом анализаторе «Гемалайт 1270». Компьютерное цитоморфометрическое исследование проводили на аппаратно-программном комплексе «МЕКОС-Ц2».</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В ходе исследования в условиях сохранения образцов крови с применением разработанного криоконсерванта после 24 ч хранения при температуре –20 С увеличивался процент сохранности лейкоцитов, эритроцитов, тромбоцитов (88,6 ± 0,41, 92,1 ± 0,31, 91,4 ± 0,52% соответственно) с сохранением форменных элементов крови в физиологически активном состоянии после оттаивания по сравнению с образцами крови, сохранявшимися при комнатной температуре.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Выявлена морфологическая и функциональная сохранность форменных элементов крови в образцах с применением разработанного криоконсерванта после 24 ч хранения при температуре –20 °С. Преимущества данного криоконсерванта: возможность его длительного хранения без потери криопротекторных свойств, обеспечение криопротектором стабилизации форменных элементов крови к воздействию субумеренно низкой температуры –20 °С, применение нетоксичного дисахарида лактулозы, не проникающего внутрь клетки. Разработанный криоконсервант является эффективным в условиях замораживания при –20 °С и доступным (все компоненты производятся на территории Российской Федерации). Исследования в данном направлении позволят более эффективно использовать аутодонорство во избежание ряда осложнений при трансфузии компонентов крови.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Cryopreservation allows for long-term conservation of biomaterials. The insufficient efficacy of available cryopreservatives and the toxicity of a number of cryocomponents renders the search for low-toxic biocompatible cryoagents highly relevant.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Assessment of morphological and functional features of blood cells in a lactulose-based cryopreservative for storing whole blood at moderately low temperatures (minus 20 °C) using leukocyte, platelet, and erythrocytes parameters.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was conducted using peripheral venous blood of 30 female donor volunteers aged 18–23 years. Samples of peripheral venous blood were stabilized by 3-substituted potassium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The cryopreservative was prepared using a 0.9 % sodium chloride solution to maintain the isotonic concentration. Glycerin and dimethyl sulfoxide were used as cell-penetrating cryoprotectors; lactulose disaccharide was used as a non-penetrating cryoprotector. The composition of the obtained cryopreservative was optimized by varying the mass fractions of the components. Clinical blood tests were performed using a Gemalite 1270 automatic hematology analyzer. A computer cytomorphometric study was performed in the MEKOS-C2 hardware and software environment.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The conservation of blood samples using the developed cryopreservative for 24 h at a temperature of minus 20 °C increased the percentage of preserved leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets to 88.6±0.41 %, 92.1±0.31 %, and 91.4±0.52 %, respectively. The blood cells retained their physiological activity after thawing compared to blood samples stored at room temperature.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The morphological and functional safety of blood cells in samples stored with the developed cryopreservative was revealed after 24 h of storage at minus 20°C. The advantages of this cryopreservative include the possibility of its long-term storage without loss of cryoprotective properties, stabilizing blood cells to the effects of sub-moderate low temperatures of minus 20 °C, the use of non-toxic lactulose disaccharide that does not penetrate into the cell. The developed cryopreservative proves effective in freezing conditions at minus 20 °C, being affordable in terms of cost (all components are manufactured in the Russian Federation). Further research in this direction will contribute to the development of safer blood donation approaches and reducing complications during transfusion of blood components.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>криоконсервация</kwd><kwd>криопротекторы</kwd><kwd>эритроциты</kwd><kwd>лейкоциты</kwd><kwd>тромбоциты</kwd><kwd>лактулоза</kwd><kwd>морфофункциональные свойства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cryopreservation</kwd><kwd>cryoprotectors</kwd><kwd>erythrocytes</kwd><kwd>leukocytes</kwd><kwd>platelets</kwd><kwd>lactulose</kwd><kwd>morphofunctional properties</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hidi L, Komorowicz E, Kovács GI, Szeberin Z, Garbaisz D, Nikolova N, et al. 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