mesЭкстремальная биомедицинаExtreme Medicine2713-27572713-2765Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.47183/mes.2025-250mes-250Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯCLINICAL PHARMACOLOGYПерспективы применения соединений растительного и грибного происхождения в противоопухолевой терапииApplication prospects of plant and fungal compounds in antitumor therapyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5086-5254ГасановаТ. В.GasanovaT. V.

Гасанова Татьяна Владимировна, канд. биол. наук

Москва

Tatiana V. Gasanova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)

Moscow

tv.gasanova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0350-8021ИвановП. А.IvanovP. A.

Иванов Петр Алексеевич, канд. биол. наук

Москва

Peter A. Ivanov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)

Moscow

regaflight@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-5644-3438РепинаМ. Н.RepinaM. N.

Репина Мария Николаевна

Москва

Maria N. Repina

Moscow

rep-masha@yandex.ruМосковский государственный университет им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202508092025273309319Copyright © Гасанова Т.В., Иванов П.А., Репина М.Н., 20252025Гасанова Т.В., Иванов П.А., Репина М.Н.Gasanova T.V., Ivanov P.A., Repina M.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/250Введение

Введение. Ингибиторы растительного и грибного происхождения (ИРГП) представляют собой перспективное направление в противоопухолевой терапии, предлагая разнообразные механизмы действия, в большинстве случаев отличающиеся от традиционных химиотерапевтических препаратов. Как правило, ИРГП одновременно влияют на несколько метаболических путей, что снижает вероятность развития резистентности, оказывая комбинированный эффект на разные мишени в раковой клетке.

Цель

Цель. Изучить перспективные направления в создании новых противоопухолевых препаратов для последующего лечения, обобщить современные данные о механизмах действия ИРГП в контексте комплексного подхода к лечению злокачественных опухолей.

Обсуждение

Обсуждение. В настоящее время усиленно проводится поиск новых соединений с противоопухолевым потенциалом. ИРГП представляют собой перспективное направление в противоопухолевой терапии, предлагая разнообразные механизмы действия. Многие традиционные химиотерапевтические препараты также имеют растительное происхождение и обладают хорошей эффективностью, что подтверждает актуальность изучения данной тематики. Солидные опухоли обладают повышенной способностью к активной пролиферации и ангиогенезу, что объясняет неизменный интерес к активному поиску новых соединений растительного происхождения с антиангиогенными свойствами, наряду с исследованиями других ИРГП. Как правило, ИРГП одновременно влияют на несколько метаболических путей, что снижает вероятность развития резистентности, оказывая комбинированный эффект на разные мишени в раковой клетке.

Выводы

Выводы. В обзоре рассмотрены молекулярные механизмы действия ИРГП, включающие в себя подавление ангиогенеза и пролиферации раковых клеток, индукцию апоптоза, модуляцию клеточного цикла, а также прямой цитотоксический эффект путем стимуляции активности CD8+ Т-лимфоцитов, NK-клеток и макрофагов.

Introduction

Introduction. Anticancer inhibitors of plant and fungal origin (IPFOs) represent a promising direction in antitumor therapy, offering a variety of mechanisms of action, in most cases different from conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. As a rule, IPFOs simultaneously affect several metabolic pathways, exerting a combined effect on different targets in the cancer cell and reducing the risk of drug resistance development.

Objective

Objective. To study promising directions in the development of new antitumor drugs, to generalize current data on the IPFO mechanism of action in the context of a combined approach to cancer treatment.

Discussion

Discussion. Compounds exhibiting antitumor activity are increasingly attracting the research attention. Due to their diverse mechanisms of action, anticancer IPFOs represent a promising direction in cancer treatment. A large number of conventional chemotherapy drugs, although being of plant origin, demonstrate high effectiveness, which confirms the relevance of searching for new anticancer IPFO compounds. Solid tumors exhibit a pronounced ability to both proliferate and induce angiogenesis, which justifies the current active search for new plant-derived compounds with antiangiogenic properties, along with other IPFOs. As a rule, anticancer IPFOs simultaneously affect several metabolic pathways, exerting a combined effect on different targets in the cancer cell and reducing the risk of drug resistance.

Conclusions

Conclusions. This review has examined the molecular mechanisms of IPFO action, including suppression of angiogenesis and cancer cells proliferation, apoptosis induction, cell cycle modulation, and direct cytotoxic effect by stimulating the activity of CD8+ T lymphocytes, NK cells, and macrophages.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.