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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экстремальная биомедицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extreme Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8964</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8972</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47183/mes.2025-293</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mes-293</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЛАВНАЯ ТЕМА: АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ НЕВРОЛОГИИ И ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MAIN TOPIC: TOPICAL ISSUES OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY &amp; NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER INSTRUMENTAL DIAGNOSTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль изменений системы фибринолиза в развитии постинсультных когнитивных нарушений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of fibrinolytic system changes in the development of post-stroke cognitive impairments</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9900-4073</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кольцов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koltsov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кольцов Иван Алексеевич, канд. мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Koltsov, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koltsov_ia@rsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6308-9706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щукин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchukin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щукин Иван Александрович, канд. мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Shchukin, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivashchukin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6464-521X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фидлер</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fidler</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фидлер Михаил Сергеевич</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail S. Fidler </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rbmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-8097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпова Наталья Сергеевна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia S. Karpova </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nat_karpova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-679X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брусов</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brusov</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брусов Олег Сергеевич, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg S. Brusov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg.brusow@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9301-2294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилов</surname><given-names>Ю. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilov</surname><given-names>Yu. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шилов Юрий Евгеньевич, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri E. Shilov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shilov.biocem@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0828-9868</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коваленко Екатерина Андреевна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Kovalenko, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterinakov90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2975-4151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бойко Алексей Николаевич, д-р мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey N. Boyko, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boiko.a@fccps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий Федерального медико-биологического агентства; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный центр психического здоровья Минобрнауки России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mental Health Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>169</fpage><lpage>175</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кольцов И.А., Щукин И.А., Фидлер М.С., Карпова Н.С., Брусов О.С., Шилов Ю.Е., Коваленко Е.А., Бойко А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кольцов И.А., Щукин И.А., Фидлер М.С., Карпова Н.С., Брусов О.С., Шилов Ю.Е., Коваленко Е.А., Бойко А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koltsov I.A., Shchukin I.A., Fidler M.S., Karpova N.S., Brusov O.S., Shilov Y.E., Kovalenko E.A., Boyko A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/293">https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/293</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Постинсультные когнитивные нарушения (ПИКН) представляют собой важную медицинскую и социальную проблему. Их распространенность после перенесенного инсульта достигает 74%.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение взаимосвязи между интегральными параметрами, характеризующими процессы коагуляции и фибринолиза и определяемыми при помощи динамической тромбофотометрии, и формированием ПИКН для оценки возможности прогнозирования ПИКН и неблагоприятных исходов заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 35 пациентов, перенесших ишемический инсульт в срок до 24 ч от начала заболевания: 20 (57,1%) женщин и 15 (42,9%) мужчин; медианный возраст 66,5 [62,3–73,3] года. Группу сравнения составили 45 условно здоровых добровольцев. Оценка состояния системы гемостаза проведена при поступлении в стационар, на 6–8 и 13–15-е сут. Исследовали интегральные показатели, оценивающие системы коагуляции, фибринолиза и гемостаза в целом с помощью метода «Фибринодинамика». Когнитивные функции оценивали на 10–14-е сут по Монреальской шкале оценки когнитивных функций (MoCA). Функциональный исход заболевания определяли по Модифицированной шкале Рэнкина (МШР) на 28-е сут. Для статистического анализа использовали программное обеспечение SPSS 27.0 (IBM, США). Ассоциации между непрерывными данными оценивали при помощи коэффициента корреляции Спирмена, одномерных и многомерных линейных регрессионных моделей. Статистически значимыми считали различие при уровне p ≤ 0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлена обратная корреляционная связь средней яркости сгустка при интегральном моделировании (НВ) процессов гемостаза при поступлении и уровнем когнитивной дисфункции по шкале MoCA (rs = -0,409; p = 0,02); более высокие исходные значения HB были ассоциированы с выраженными постинсультными когнитивными нарушениями. Напротив, отмечалась прямая связь исходного процесса фибринолиза образующегося сгустка (FB) и когнитивных нарушений по шкале MoCA (r = 0,512, p = 0,003); более высоким значениям FB соответствовала большая оценка по шкале MoCA и более высокий уровень когнитивных функций.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. В прогностических многомерных линейных регрессионных моделях, включавших возраст и исходную тяжесть инсульта, установлено, что каждые 11,5 усл. ед. увеличения исходной HB или 9,8 усл. ед. снижения исходной FB соответствовали ухудшению когнитивного статуса при его оценке по MoCA на 1 балл. Пациенты с высокими исходными значениями FB имели более благоприятные функциональные исходы заболевания по МШР. Применение расширенной динамической тромбофотометрии позволяет комплексно оценивать сдвиги системы гемостаза у пациентов с ишемическим инсультом. Более высокие значения HB и более низкие значения FB дают возможность прогнозировать неблагоприятный исход заболевания и более тяжелые ПИКН на ранних этапах, в то время как гипоактивация фибринолитической системы ассоциирована с большей тяжестью ПИКН и менее благоприятным функциональным исходом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is an important medical and social problem, with its prevalence reaching the level of 74%.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To study the relationship between integral parameters characterizing the processes of coagulation and fibrinolysis, determined using dynamic thrombophotometry, and PSCI formation with the purpose of assessing the possibility of predicting PSCI and adverse disease outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients who had suffered an ischemic stroke within 24 hours of the onset of the disease: 20 (57.1%) women and 15 (42.9%) men; the median age was 66.5 [62.3–73.3] years. The comparison group included 45 conditionally healthy volunteers. Assessment of the state of the hemostasis system was carried out upon admission to the hospital, on days 6–8 and 13–15. Integral indicators evaluating the coagulation, fibrinolysis, and hemostasis systems in general were studied using the Fibrinodynamics method. Cognitive functions were assessed on days 10–14 according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale. The functional outcome of the disease was determined by the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) on day 28. The SPSS 27.0 software (IBM, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Associations between continuous data were evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient, one-dimensional and multidimensional linear regression models. The difference at the level of p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An inverse correlation was found between the average brightness of the clot during the integral modeling of hemostasis processes at admission and the level of cognitive dysfunction on the MoCA scale (rs = –0.409; p = 0.02); higher initial HB values were associated with severe post-stroke cognitive impairment. Conversely, a direct relationship between the initial fibrinolysis of the resulting clot (FB) and cognitive impairment on the MoCA scale (r = 0.512, p = 0.003) was found; higher values of FB corresponded to a higher score on the MoCA scale and a higher level of cognitive functions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Predictive multidimensional linear regression models that included age and baseline stroke severity found that an increase in baseline HB by every 11.5 arbitrary units or a decrease in baseline FB by 9.8 arbitrary units corresponded to a minus 1 point deterioration in the cognitive status when assessed by MoCA. Patients with higher baseline values of FB had more favorable functional outcomes of the disease according to (mRS). The use of dynamic thrombophotometry and its extended version makes it possible to comprehensively assess changes in the hemostasis system of patients with ischemic stroke. Higher HB values and lower FB values make it possible to predict an unfavorable outcome of the disease and more severe PSCI in the early stages, while the hypoactivation of the fibrinolytic system is associated with a greater severity of PSCI and a less favorable functional outcome.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>цереброваскулярные болезни</kwd><kwd>гемостаз</kwd><kwd>система фибринолиза</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>динамическая&#13;
тромбофотометрия</kwd><kwd>фибринодинамика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>cerebrovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>hemostasis</kwd><kwd>fibrinolytic system</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>dynamic thrombophotometry</kwd><kwd>fibrinodynamics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Совета по грантам Президента Российской Федерации (СП-2404.2022.4).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the support of the Council for Grants of the President of the Russian Federation (СП-2404.2022.4).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GBD 2017 DALYs and HALE Collaborators. 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