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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экстремальная биомедицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extreme Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8964</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8972</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47183/mes.2025-295</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mes-295</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СПОРТИВНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPORTS MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние стоматологических и ортодонтических заболеваний на физическую работоспособность и выносливость спортсменов-единоборцев высокого класса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of dental and orthodontic diseases on physical performance and endurance of high-class combat sports athletes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8808-3353</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русак</surname><given-names>Ж. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusak</surname><given-names>Zh. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русак Жаклин Ильинична</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhaklin I. Rusak</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusakaa@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5985-5478</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багинский</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baginsky</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Багинский Алексей Леонидович - канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey L. Baginsky </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baginskii@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7601-6152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милашенко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milashenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милашенко Екатерина Валерьевна</p><p>Волгоград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Milashenko</p><p>Volgograd </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katronmor34@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9987-6816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Виктория Викторовна - канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria V. Petrova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vpetrova@fmbcfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-9611</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артамонов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artamonov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артамонов Антон Анатольевич - PhD, ст. науч. сотр.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton A. Artamonov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton.art.an@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный социальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Social University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт медико-биологических проблем РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>550</fpage><lpage>557</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Русак Ж.И., Багинский А.Л., Милашенко Е.В., Петрова В.В., Артамонов А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Русак Ж.И., Багинский А.Л., Милашенко Е.В., Петрова В.В., Артамонов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rusak Z.I., Baginsky A.L., Milashenko E.V., Petrova V.V., Artamonov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/295">https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/295</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Проблемы со здоровьем полости рта, такие как кариес зубов, заболевания пародонта и неправильный прикус, могут вызывать боль, дискомфорт и системные проблемы со здоровьем, что, в свою очередь, может негативно сказаться на работоспособности и выносливости спортсмена. Наряду с этим существует и необходимость разработки комплексных стоматологических программ для профессионального спорта.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определение статистически значимых различий параметров работоспособности у спортсменов-единоборцев для разработки мероприятий по коррекции стоматологического статуса у высококвалифицированных спортсменов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен математико-статистический анализ деперсонализированных медицинских данных результатов углубленного медицинского обследования спортсменов высокого класса. Обработаны данные 1887 представителей спортивных единоборств (n = 1887; мужчины n = 1190; женщины n = 697). Выборка была разделена на 2 группы: спортсмены без стоматологической патологии — группа «0» (n = 791; Me среднего возраста 21,00 [19,00; 25,00]); спортсмены со стоматологическими диагнозами — группа «1» (n = 1096; Me среднего возраста 19,00 [17,00; 24,00]). В работе учитывали также диагнозы эндокринолога и гастроэнтеролога. Анализировали морфометрические характеристики и физиологические показатели нагрузочного тестирования. Статистический анализ проводился с использованием программы StatTech v. 4.6.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлено значительное влияние стоматологических заболеваний на физическую работоспособность и выносливость. Наличие стоматологического диагноза (группа «1») связано со статистически значимыми различиями (р &lt; 0,05) по сравнению с группой спортсменов без стоматологического диагноза (группа «0»), по ряду физиологических показателей характеризующих физическую выносливость и работоспособность: дыхательный коэффициент R(0) = 1,05 [1,03; 1,09], R(1) = 1,04 [1,03; 1,07]; частота сердечных сокращений аэробного порога ЧССАП(0) = 110,00 [100,00; 122,00], ЧССАП(1) = 114,00 [102,00; 126,00]; частота сердечных сокращений на уровне анаэробного порога ЧССПАНО(0) = 143,00 [132,00; 154,00], ЧССПАНО(1) = 147,00 [134,00; 158,00]; частота сердечных сокращений на пике нагрузки ЧССПИК(0) =151,00 [144,00; 160,00], ЧССПИК(1) = 152,00 [144,00; 163,00]; частота сердечных сокращений на 3-й минуте восстановления ЧСС3 мин(0) = 91,00 [82,00; 101,00], ЧСС3 мин(1) = 93,00 [84,00; 102,00]; мощность ступени, на которой достигнут уровень порога анаэробного обмена, МощПАНО(0) = 190,00 [165,00; 230,00], МощПАНО(1) = 200,00 [165,00; 240,00].</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Стоматологические заболевания снижают работоспособность спортсменов, особенно на субмаксимальных уровнях нагрузки, что может негативно сказываться на тренировочном процессе и соревновательных результатах в боевых искусствах. В связи с этим рекомендованы комплексная программа профилактики и регулярные стоматологические осмотры как обязательная часть подготовки, особенно в контактных видах спорта. На основании анализа результатов исследования предложено использовать индивидуальные элайнеры для предотвращения избыточного воздействия на зубы в условиях перегрузок и экстремальных ситуаций.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Oral health issues, such as dental caries, periodontal diseases, or malocclusion, can cause pain, discomfort, and systemic health problems, which in turn may negatively affect the performance and endurance of athletes. In this context, the development of comprehensive dental programs for athletes involved in professional sports is a relevant task.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To determine statistically significant differences in performance parameters among combat sports athletes for the development of measures to correct the dental status of highly qualified athletes.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A mathematical and statistical analysis of anonymized medical data on comprehensive medical examination of elite athletes was conducted. Data from 1887 combat sports athletes were processed (n = 1887; males n = 1190; females n = 697). The sample was divided into two groups: athletes without dental pathologies — Group 0 (n = 791; Me median age 21.00 [19.00; 25.00]); athletes with confirmed dental pathologies — Group 1 (n = 1096; Me median age 19.00 [17.00; 24.00]). Diagnoses from endocrinologists and gastroenterologists were also taken into account. Morphometric characteristics and physiological parameters from exercise stress testing were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the StatTech v. 4.6.0 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A significant influence of dental diseases on physical performance and endurance was identified. Compared to the group of athletes without a dental diagnosis (Group 0), the presence of a dental diagnosis (Group 1) was associated with statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) across a range of physiological indicators characterizing physical endurance and performance: respiratory exchange ratio R(0) = 1.05 [1.03; 1.09], R(1) = 1.04 [1.03; 1.07]; heart rate at the aerobic threshold level HRAerT(0) = 110.00 [100.00; 122.00], HRAerT(1) = 114.00 [102.00; 126.00]; heart rate at the anaerobic threshold HRAT(0) = 143.00 [132.00; 154.00], HRAT(1) = 147.00 [134.00; 158.00]; peak heart rate at peak load HRpeak(0) = 151.00 [144.00; 160.00], HRpeak(1) = 152.00 [144.00; 163.00]; heart rate at the 3rd min of recovery HR3min(0) = 91.00 [82.00; 101.00], HR3min(1) = 93.00 [84.00; 102.00]; power output at the level of the anaerobic threshold PwrAT(0) = 190.00 [165.00; 230.00], PwrAT(1) = 200.00 [165.00; 240.00].</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Dental diseases reduce the performance athletes, in particular at submaximal load levels. This has a negative effect on the training process and competitive results in martial arts. In this regard, a comprehensive prevention program and regular dental checkups are recommended as an essential part of preparation, in particular, in contact sports. The use of individual aligners for mitigating excessive impact on teeth under the conditions of overload and extreme situations is proposed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стоматология</kwd><kwd>спортивная медицина</kwd><kwd>единоборцы</kwd><kwd>углубленное медицинское обследование</kwd><kwd>элайнеры</kwd><kwd>ретроспективное исследование</kwd><kwd>физическая работоспособность</kwd><kwd>физическая выносливость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dentistry</kwd><kwd>sports medicine</kwd><kwd>combat sports athletes</kwd><kwd>comprehensive medical examination</kwd><kwd>aligners</kwd><kwd>retrospective study</kwd><kwd>physical performance</kwd><kwd>physical endurance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена в рамках темы FMFR-2024-0042 программы фундаментальных научных исследований РАН</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was carried out within the framework of the FMFR-2024-0042 project of the Fundamental Scientific Research Program of the Russian Academy of Sciences</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gallagher J, Ashley P, Petrie A, Needleman I. 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