<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экстремальная биомедицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extreme Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8964</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8972</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47183/mes.2024.035</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mes-34</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние внутрижелудочного введения гидрокарбоната натрия или соляной кислоты на кишечную эндотоксемию у крыс при миелоабляции циклофосфамидом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of sodium bicarbonate or hydrochloric acid intragastric administration on gut-derived endotoxemia in rats receiving cyclophosphamide myeloablative conditioning</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вакуненкова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vakunenkova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Лесопарковая, д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 195043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lesoparkovaya, 4, Saint-Petersburg, 195043</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотоверхая</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotoverkhaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Лесопарковая, д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 195043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lesoparkovaya, 4, Saint-Petersburg, 195043</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печурина</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pechurina</surname><given-names>T. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Борисовна Печурина</p><p>ул. Лесопарковая, д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 195043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana B. Pechurina</p><p>Lesoparkovaya, 4, Saint-Petersburg, 195043</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tat79@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шефер</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Schäfer</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Лесопарковая, д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 195043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lesoparkovaya, 4, Saint-Petersburg, 195043</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивницкий</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivnitsky</surname><given-names>Ju. Ju.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Лесопарковая, д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 195043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lesoparkovaya, 4, Saint-Petersburg, 195043</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-клинический центр токсикологии имени С. Н. Голикова Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научно-исследовательский испытательный институт военной медицины Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research and Testing Institute of Military Medicine of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вакуненкова О.А., Золотоверхая Е.А., Печурина Т.Б., Шефер Т.В., Ивницкий Ю.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вакуненкова О.А., Золотоверхая Е.А., Печурина Т.Б., Шефер Т.В., Ивницкий Ю.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vakunenkova O.A., Zolotoverkhaya E.A., Pechurina T.B., Schäfer T.V., Ivnitsky J.J.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/34">https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/34</self-uri><abstract><p>К токсическим эффектам циклофосфамида (ЦФ) в миелоабляционных дозах относится повреждение желудочно-кишечного тракта. Оно проявляется желудочно-кишечным стазом, цитостатическим повреждением слизистой оболочки тонкой кишки и острой кишечной эндотоксемией. Целью работы было выявить причинно-следственные связи между желудочно-кишечным стазом, энтероцитопенией и острой кишечной эндотоксемией при моделировании на крысах миелоабляционной терапии ЦФ. Изучали влияние вводимого в желудок 0,48 М раствора гидрокарбоната натрия (NaHCO3) или 0,1 М раствора соляной кислоты (HCl) на показатели желудочно-кишечного стаза, энтероцитопении, содержание в портальной крови эндотоксина, аммиака, мочевины и экскрецию индикана с мочой. Через трое суток после внутривенного введения ЦФ в дозе 390 мг/кг наблюдали переполнение химусом желудка, снижение активности щелочной фосфатазы и холинэстеразы в тканях тонкой кишки, повышение содержания эндотоксина в 4,0 раза и мочевины в 4,6 раза при двукратном повышении уровня креатинина в плазме портальной крови, двукратное повышение экскреции индикана с мочой. Введение в желудок NaHCO3 или HCl частично предупреждало гастростаз, но не острую кишечную эндотоксемию. Введение NaHCO3, но не HCl, предупреждало энтероцитопению в двенадцатиперстной кишке. Острая кишечная эндотоксемия была обусловлена преимущественно интенсификацией поступления в кровь продуктов жизнедеятельности микрофлоры слепой кишки. Перспективна апробация внутрижелудочного введения гидрокарбоната натрия в сочетании с энтеральной детоксикацией и (или) применением средств подавления вегетации толстокишечной микрофлоры для профилактики желудочно-кишечных осложнений миелоабляционной цитостатической терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Toxic effects of the myeloablative cyclophosphamide (CP) doses include damage to the gastrointestinal tract. This is manifested by gastrointestinal stasis, cytostatic drug-induced damage to the small intestinal mucosa, and acute gut-derived endotoxemia. The study was aimed to identify causal relationships between gastrointestinal stasis, enterocytopenia, and acute gut-derived endotoxemia in the rat model of the CP myeloablative conditioning. We assessed the effects of the intragastrically administered 0.48 М sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) solution or the 0.1 М hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution on the indicators of gastrointestinal stasis, enterocytopenia, portal blood levels of endotoxin, ammonia, urea, and urinary indican excretion. The stomach overfilled with chyme, decreased alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase activity in the small intestinal tissues, 4.4-fold increased endotoxin levels, 4.6-fold increased urea levels, twofold increased portal blood plasma creatinine levels, and twofold increased urinary indican excretion were observed three days after intravenous administration of CP in a dose of 390 mg/kg. Intragastric administration of NaHCO3 or HCl partially prevented gastric stasis, but not acute gut-derived endotoxemia. Administration of NaHCO3, not HCl, prevented enterocytopenia in the duodenum. Acute gut-derived endotoxemia resulted mainly from the more intense release of the cecal microflora waste products into blood. Testing the use of sodium bicarbonate intragastric administration combined with the enteral detoxification and/or options for suppression of colonic microflora vegetation for prevention of the myeloablative cytostatic therapy complications is promising.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гастростаз</kwd><kwd>гидрокарбонат натрия</kwd><kwd>миелоабляция</kwd><kwd>соляная кислота</kwd><kwd>циклофосфамид</kwd><kwd>эндотоксемия</kwd><kwd>энтероцитопения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gastric stasis</kwd><kwd>sodium bicarbonate</kwd><kwd>myeloablation</kwd><kwd>hydrochloric acid</kwd><kwd>cyclophosphamide</kwd><kwd>endotoxemia</kwd><kwd>enterocytopenia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вакуненкова О. А., Ивницкий Ю. Ю., Гайкова О. Н., Козлов А. А., Шефер Т. В. Влияние гидрокарбоната натрия на формирование гастростаза у крыс при моделировании миелоабляционной химиотерапии циклофосфаном. Медицина экстремальных ситуаций. 2023; (2): 98–104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vakunenkova OA, Ivnitsky JJ, Gaykova ON, Kozlov AA, Schäfer TV. Effect of sodium bicarbonate on the development of gastric stasis in the rat model of myeloablative chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide. Extreme Medicine. 2023; (2): 91–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lallès J-P. Recent advances in intestinal alkaline phosphatase, inflammation, and nutrition. Nutrit Rev. 2019; 77 (10): 710–24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lallès J-P. Recent advances in intestinal alkaline phosphatase, inflammation, and nutrition. Nutrit Rev. 2019; 77 (10): 710–24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sine JP. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in the gut mucosal cells of various mammal species: distribution along the intestine and molecular forms. Compar Biochem Physiol. C Comp Pharmacol Toxicol. 1988; 91 (2): 597–602.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sine JP. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in the gut mucosal cells of various mammal species: distribution along the intestine and molecular forms. Compar Biochem Physiol. C Comp Pharmacol Toxicol. 1988; 91 (2): 597–602.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dawson ME. A wealth of options. Choosing an LAL test method. Associates of Cape Cod, Inc., Woods Hole, Massachusetts. LAL Update. 1995; 13 (3): 1–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dawson ME. A wealth of options. Choosing an LAL test method. Associates of Cape Cod, Inc., Woods Hole, Massachusetts. LAL Update. 1995; 13 (3): 1–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мартынов В. Л., Семенов А. Г., Тулупов А. А., Чесноков А. А., Курилов В. А., Казарина Н. В. Индикан мочи и водородный дыхательный тест как методы скрининг-диагностики синдрома избыточного бактериального роста в тонкой кишке. Мед. Альманах. 2017; 2 (47): 117–21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martynov VL, Semenov AG, Tulupov AA, Chesnokov AA, Kurilov VA, Kazarina NV. Urine indican and hydrogen breath test as methods of screening diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth syndrome in the small intestine. Med. Almanakh. 2017; 2 (47): 117–21. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балаховский С. Д., Балаховский И. С. Методы химического анализа крови. 3-е изд. М.: Медгиз, 1953; 746 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balakhovskiy SD, Balakhovskiy IS. Methods of chemical blood analysis. 3-rd ed. Moscow.: Medgiz, 1953; 746 p. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zar JH. Biostatistical Analysis. 5th ed. Prentice-Hall/Pearson: Upper Saddle River, 2010; 944 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zar JH. Biostatistical Analysis. 5th ed. Prentice-Hall/Pearson: Upper Saddle River, 2010; 944 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ивницкий Ю. Ю., Шефер Т. В., Тяптин А. А., Рейнюк В. Л. Изменения химического состава крови и головного мозга крыс при моделировании миелоабляционного режима применения циклофосфана. Токсикол. вестник. 2019; 156 (3): 13–18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivnitsky JuJu, Schäfer TV, Tyaptin AA, Rejniuk VL. Changes in the chemical composition of the blood and brain of rats under the conditions of modeling the myeloablation regimen of cyclophosphamide administration. Toxicologicheskiy vestnik. 2019; 156 (3): 13–8. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sender R, Fuchs S. Revised estimates for the number of human and bacteria cells in the body. PLoS Biol. 2016; 14 (8): e1002533.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sender R, Fuchs S. Revised estimates for the number of human and bacteria cells in the body. PLoS Biol. 2016; 14 (8): e1002533.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bested AC, Logan AC, Selhub EM. Intestinal microbiota, probiotics and mental health: from Metchnikoff to modern advances: Part II – contemporary contextual research. Gut Pathog. 2013; 5 (1): 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bested AC, Logan AC, Selhub EM. Intestinal microbiota, probiotics and mental health: from Metchnikoff to modern advances: Part II – contemporary contextual research. Gut Pathog. 2013; 5 (1): 3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heda R, Toro F, Tombazzi CR. Physiology, pepsin. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: 2024. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537005/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heda R, Toro F, Tombazzi CR. Physiology, pepsin. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: 2024. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537005/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Visnovsky P. The effect of cyclophosphamide and methotrexate on gastric emptying and secretion in rats. Bratisl Lek Listy. 1992; 93 (2): 90–2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Visnovsky P. The effect of cyclophosphamide and methotrexate on gastric emptying and secretion in rats. Bratisl Lek Listy. 1992; 93 (2): 90–2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dahlgren D, Sjöblom M, Hellström P, Lennemäs H. Chemotherapeutics-induced intestinal mucositis: pathophysiology and potential treatment strategies. Front Pharmacol. 2021; 12 (Art. 681417): 1–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dahlgren D, Sjöblom M, Hellström P, Lennemäs H. Chemotherapeutics-induced intestinal mucositis: pathophysiology and potential treatment strategies. Front Pharmacol. 2021; 12 (Art. 681417): 1–12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ott P, Vilstrup H. Cerebral effects of ammonia in liver disease: current hypotheses. Metab Brain Dis. 2014; 29 (4): 901–11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ott P, Vilstrup H. Cerebral effects of ammonia in liver disease: current hypotheses. Metab Brain Dis. 2014; 29 (4): 901–11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хубутия М. Ш., Кабанова С. А., Гольдфарб Ю. С., Маткевич В. А., Богопольский П. М., Бадалян А. В.. Прогноз развития клинической токсикологии в России. Журнал им. Н. В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь». 2016; (3): 26–31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khubutiya MSh, Kabanova SA, Goldfarb YuS, Matkevich VA, Bogopolskiy PM, Badalyan AV. Prognosis of the development of clinical toxicology in Russia. Zhurnal im. N.V. Sklifosovskogo «Neotlozhnaya meditsinskaya pomoshch». 2016; (3): 26–31. Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
