mesЭкстремальная биомедицинаExtreme Medicine3033-89643033-8972Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.47183/mes.2023.049mes-37Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWУровни специфичных IgG к пищевым антигенам в норме и при патологииNormal and disease-associated levels of specific IgG against food antigensПатракееваВ. П.PatrakeevaV. P.

 Вероника Павловна Патракеева

пр. Никольской, д. 20, г. Архангельск, 163020

Veronika P. Patrakeeva

Nikolsky prospect, 20, Arkhangelsk, 163020

ШтаборовВ. А.SchtaborovV. A.

Архангельск

Arkhangelsk

АлесичР. С.AlesichR. S.

Архангельск

Arkhangelsk

Федеральный исследовательский центр комплексного изучения Арктики имени академика Н. П. Лавёрова Уральского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияLaverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2023221020242542025Copyright © Патракеева В.П., Штаборов В.А., Алесич Р.С., 20242024Патракеева В.П., Штаборов В.А., Алесич Р.С.Patrakeeva V.P., Schtaborov V.A., Alesich R.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/37

Толерантность к пищевым антигенам — необходимое условие для формирования устойчивого развития организма при постоянной антигенной нагрузке. В последние годы достаточно широко изучены специфичные IgG к пищевым антигенам. Их наличие при различных патологиях, а также введение элиминационных диет к определенным продуктам питания дают хорошие результаты в лечении заболеваний, и не только касающихся желудочно-кишечного тракта. Изучение влияния длительной IgG-опосредованной гиперчувствительности к пищевым антигенам, связанной с повышением проницаемости гематоэнцефалического барьера, актуально и при исследовании патогенеза заболеваний центральной нервной системы. Но выявление специфичных IgG у практически здоровых людей, не имеющих в анамнезе аллергии, воспалительных реакций, на данный момент не дает четкого понимания их природы и функциональной значимости. Специфичные IgG представляют большой интерес с позиции прогнозирования формирования нарушений функционирования организма, ремиссии и лечения заболеваний, изменения восприимчивости к пищевым антигенам в определенном возрасте. Результаты исследований специфичных IgG неоднозначны, что подтверждает необходимость изучения их структуры, эпитопов, способных активировать аутоиммунные процессы, учитывая сочетанное влияние лекарственных препаратов, экологической обстановки и социальных условий жизни. В статье проведен анализ современных исследований по изучению специфичных IgG к пищевым антигенам. Представлены данные о выявлении специфичных IgG при различных патологиях, гендерные и возрастные различия при выявлении данных антител, зависимости их концентрации от частоты употребления пищевых продуктов.

Tolerance to food antigens is essential for body’s sustainable development under constant antigenic load. Specific IgG against food antigens have been extensively studied in the literature over the recent years. The presence of those associated with various disorders and introduction of elimination diets for certain food products result in good treatment outcomes related not only to the gastrointestinal tract. Investigation of the impact of the long-term IgG-mediated hypersensitivity to food antigens associated with the increased blood-brain barrier permeability is also relevant when studying pathogenesis of the central nervous system disorders. However, identification of specific IgG in the generally healthy people having no history of allergy or inflammation currently provides no clear understanding of their nature and functional significance. Specific IgG are of great interest in terms of predicting the development of functional disorders, remission and treatment of disorders, changes in susceptibility to food antigens at certain age. The results of specific IgG studies are equivocal, which confirms the need to study their structure, epitopes capable of activating autoimmune processes considering the combined effects of medication, environmental conditions and social living conditions. The paper provides the analysis of the currently available research focused on studying specific IgG against food antigens. The data on identification of specific IgG in individuals with various disorders are provided, as well as the gender-related and age-related differences in antibody detection, the relationship between the antibody levels and the rate of food product consumption.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.