mesЭкстремальная биомедицинаExtreme Medicine3033-89643033-8972Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.47183/mes.2023.050mes-44Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕORIGINAL RESEARCHВлияние цистамина на пропульсивную функцию желудка и газообмен у крыс при лучевой миелоабляцииEffect of cystamine on gastric propulsive function and gas exchange in the rat model of radiation-induced myeloablationВакуненковаО. А.VakunenkovaO. A.

Санкт-Петербург,

Saint-Petersburg

ИвницкийЮ. Ю.IvnitskyJu. Ju.

Санкт-Петербург,

Saint-Petersburg

ДаниловаО. А.DanilovaO. A.

Санкт-Петербург,

Saint-Petersburg

ШеферТ. В.SchäferT. V.

Тимур Васильевич Шефер

Лесопарковая ул., д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 195043,

Saint-Petersburg

РейнюкВ. Л.RejniukV. L.

Санкт-Петербург,

Saint-Petersburg

Научно-клинический центр токсикологии имени академика С. Н. Голикова Федерального медико-биологического агентстваРоссияGolikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology of the Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian FederationГосударственный научно-исследовательский испытательный институт военной медицины Министерства обороны Российской ФедерацииРоссияState Scientific Research Test Institute of the Military Medicine of Defense Ministry of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2023231020242547785Copyright © Вакуненкова О.А., Ивницкий Ю.Ю., Данилова О.А., Шефер Т.В., Рейнюк В.Л., 20242024Вакуненкова О.А., Ивницкий Ю.Ю., Данилова О.А., Шефер Т.В., Рейнюк В.Л.Vakunenkova O.A., Ivnitsky J.J., Danilova O.A., Schäfer T.V., Rejniuk V.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/44

Облучение реципиентов перед пересадкой стволовых кроветворных клеток способно вызвать желудочно-кишечный стаз (ЖКС). С ним связаны осложнения лучевой миелоабляционной терапии: поздняя рвота, избыточный бактериальный рост, эндотоксикоз, системное воспаление и сепсис. Целью работы было оценить возможность предупреждения ЖКС при лучевой миелоабляции профилактическим введением в желудок цистамина дигидрохлорида. У крыс определяли выраженность ЖКС, содержание маркеров энтероцитов в тканях тонкой кишки и показатель кишечного эндотоксикоза — экскрецию индикана с мочой — через 72 ч после общего однократного рентгеновского облучения в дозе 9,64 Гр (1,1 ЛД99/30); ежедневно регистрировали потребление животными кислорода. Облучение вызывало ЖКС с преобладанием гастростаза, снижало активность холинэстеразы и щелочной фосфатазы в тканях тонкой кишки в 1,5–4,8 раза, вдвое повышало экскрецию индикана с мочой, на 17–32% снижало потребление кислорода организмом. Введение цистамина в основном предупреждало гастростаз, но не оказывало существенного влияния на показатели лучевой энтероцитопении, не предупреждало накопление химуса в слепой кишке, гипериндиканурию, лучевую гипотрофию селезенки и снижение интенсивности газообмена. Цистамин перспективен для апробации на крупных животных в качестве селективного средства экстренной профилактики гастростаза при лучевой миелоабляционной терапии.

Radiation exposure of recipients before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can cause gastrointestinal (GI) stasis. It is associated with complications of myeloablative radiation therapy: delayed vomiting, excess bacterial growth, endotoxicosis, systemic inflammation, and sepsis. The study was aimed to assess the possibility of GI stasis prevention by intragastric administration of cystamine dihydrochloride when using radiation-induced myeloablation. The severity of GI stasis, levels of enterocyte markers in the small intestinal tissues and the indicator of intestinal endotoxicosis, urinary indican excretion, were assessed in rats 72 h after the single total-body X-ray exposure to the dose of 9.64 Gy (1.1 LD99/30); the animals’ whole body oxygen consumption was recorded daily. Irradiation caused GI stasis with predominant gastric stasis, the 1.5–4.8-fold decrease in the cholinesterase and alkaline phosphatase activity in the small intestinal tissues, doubled the urinary indican excretion, the whole body oxygen consumption reduction by 17–32%. Cystamine administration generally prevented gastric stasis, but had no significant effect on the characteristics of radiation-induced enterocytopenia and did not prevent accumulation of chyme in the caecum, hyperindicanuria, radiation-induced spleen hypotrophy, and decrease in gas exchange rate. Cystamine is promising for testing in large animals as a selective agent for emergency prevention of gastric stasis during myeloablative radiation therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.