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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экстремальная биомедицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extreme Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8964</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8972</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47183/mes.2026-468</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mes-468</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOXICOLOGY &amp; CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективные дозы экспериментального гиперосмолярного инфузионного раствора на основе декстрана в условиях моделирования острой кровопотери у свиней</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effective doses of an experimental dextran-based hyperosmolar infusion solution in a pig model of acute blood loss</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7683-8115</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крупин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krupin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крупин Алексей Владимирович, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Krupin, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1930i@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-3211</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рогов Олег Александрович, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg A. Rogov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.horn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6412-529X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мельникова Надежда Николаевна, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda N. Melnikova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">melnn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7865-486X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шперлинг</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shperling</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шперлинг Наталья Владимировна, д-р мед. наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Shperling, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shperling2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7029-8602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шперлинг</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shperling</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шперлинг Игорь Алексеевич, д-р мед. наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Shperling, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shperling1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научно-исследовательский испытательный институт военной медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research and Testing Institute of Military Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научно-исследовательский испытательный институт военной медицины; Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research and Testing Institute of Military Medicine; Pavlov Institute of Physiology RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>0</issue><issue-title>Online First</issue-title><elocation-id>468</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крупин А.В., Рогов О.А., Мельникова Н.Н., Шперлинг Н.В., Шперлинг И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крупин А.В., Рогов О.А., Мельникова Н.Н., Шперлинг Н.В., Шперлинг И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krupin A.V., Rogov O.A., Melnikova N.N., Shperling N.V., Shperling I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/468">https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/468</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Восполнение острой кровопотери при травмах является неотъемлемым элементом оказания неотложной помощи. Использование гиперосмолярных растворов с декстраном в малых объемах может быть эффективным способом восстановления гемодинамики и улучшения выживаемости, минимизируя при этом риски, связанные с традиционной объемной реанимацией.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Сравнение эффективности реанимационных мероприятий после введения экспериментального гиперосмолярного инфузионного раствора на основе декстрана в дозах восполнения ОЦК (1/2 и 1/6) на модели острой кровопотери у свиней.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Эксперименты проведены на беспородных свиньях-самцах (n = 18) массой 47,7 ± 3,4 кг, которые были разделены на 3 группы: контрольную (с кровопотерей без лечения) и две экспериментальные группы (Р-1, Р-2), в которых животным после эксфузии 45–50% крови вводили экспериментальный инфузионный раствор на основе декстрана (1026,6 мОсм/л) в дозах замещения объема циркулирующей крови (ОЦК) в соотношении восполнения кровопотери 1/2:1 и 1/6:1. Острую кровопотерю моделировали путем эксфузии крови из левой бедренной артерии с помощью прибора для плазмафереза «Гемма». У животных регистрировали (АЦП, L-Card, Россия) показатели среднего артериального давления (СрАД), частоты сердечных сокращений (ЧСС), частоты дыхательных движений (ЧДД), биохимические показатели напряжения газов и кислотно-основного состояния (i-STAT System, Abbott, США) до кровопотери, после периода кровопотери и через 5, 30, 60, 120, 180 мин и 24 ч после окончания инфузии. Статистическая обработка проведена с помощью программного обеспечения Statistica 10.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Острая кровопотеря, превышающая 45% ОЦК, приводила к снижению СрАД до уровня 35–40 мм рт. ст. (р &lt; 0,001), увеличению ЧСС на 35–50% (р &lt; 0,001), вызывала снижение рН крови до 7,30–7,32 усл. ед. (р &lt; 0,01) и повышение уровня лактата до 6,5 [6,4; 8,4] ммоль/л (р &lt; 0,001). Отсутствие лечения приводило к гибели 75% животных. Инфузии изучаемого раствора повышали СрАД до исходного уровня, стабилизировали показатели ЧСС, останавливали развитие лактат-ацидоза, что обеспечило выживаемость 100% животных, получавших лечение. Одинаково высокая эффективность экспериментального раствора в обеих дозах замещения свидетельствует о преимуществе использования малообъемной инфузии в дозе восполнения 1/6 от кровопотери.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Моделируемые реанимационные мероприятия у свиней после острой кровопотери, превышающей 45% ОЦК, с помощью инфузии экспериментального гиперосмолярного инфузионного раствора на основе декстрана обеспечили 100% выживаемость животных, способствовали повышению артериального давления до исходного уровня, стабилизировали показатели частоты сердечных сокращений, останавливали развитие лактат-ацидоза. Малообъемная реанимация с использованием гипертонического солевого раствора в комбинации с декстраном может иметь существенные практические преимущества при оказании неотложной медицинской помощи пострадавшим с острой массивной кровопотерей, в том числе в регионах с экстремальным климатом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Replacement of acute blood loss in trauma is an essential component of emergency care. The use of low-volume hyperosmolar dextran-based solutions may be an effective means of restoring hemodynamics and improving survival while minimizing the risks associated with conventional volume-based resuscitation.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Comparison of the effectiveness of resuscitation measures after administration of an experimental hyperosmolar dextran-based infusion solution at doses corresponding to 1/2 and 1/6 of the circulating blood volume (TBV) in a porcine model of acute blood loss.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Experiments were conducted on outbred male pigs (n = 18) weighing 47.7 ± 3.4 kg, which were divided into 3 groups: a control group (blood loss without treatment) and two experimental groups (S-1 and S-2), in which animals, after exsanguination of 45–50% of their blood, received an experimental dextran-based infusion solution (1026.6 mOsm/L) at doses corresponding to replacement of TBV in blood loss replacement ratios of 1/2:1 and 1/6:1. Acute blood loss was modeled by exsanguination from the left femoral artery using a “Gemma” plasmapheresis device. The following parameters were recorded in the animals (ADC, L-Card, Russia): mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR); biochemical parameters of blood gas tensions and acid-base status (i-STAT System, Abbott, USA) were assessed before blood loss, after the period of blood loss, and at 5, 30, 60, 120, 180 min, and 24 h after completion of the infusion. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Acute blood loss exceeding 45% of TBV led to a decrease in MAP to 35–40 mmHg (p &lt; 0.001), an HR increase by 35–50% (p &lt; 0.001), reduced blood pH to 7.30–7.32 (p &lt; 0.01), and increased lactate levels to 6.5 [6.4; 8.4] mmol/L (p &lt; 0.001). The absence of treatment led to the death of 75% of animals. Infusion of the studied solution increased MAP to baseline levels, stabilized HR parameters, halted the development of lactic acidosis, and ensured 100% survival of treated animals. The equally high efficacy of the experimental solution at both replacement doses indicates an advantage of using low-volume infusion at a replacement dose of 1/6 of blood loss.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Simulated resuscitation measures in pigs after acute blood loss exceeding 45% of TBV, using infusion of an experimental hyperosmolar dextran-based infusion solution, provided 100% animal survival, contributed to an increase in blood pressure to baseline levels, stabilized HR parameters, and halted the development of lactic acidosis. Low-volume resuscitation using a hypertonic saline solution in combination with dextran may have significant practical advantages in providing emergency medical care to victims of acute massive blood loss, including in regions with extreme climates.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гиперосмолярный инфузионный раствор</kwd><kwd>свиньи</kwd><kwd>острая кровопотеря</kwd><kwd>гиповолемия</kwd><kwd>коллоиды</kwd><kwd>декстран</kwd><kwd>малообъемная реанимация</kwd><kwd>эффективная доза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hyperosmolar infusion solution</kwd><kwd>pigs</kwd><kwd>acute blood loss</kwd><kwd>hypovolemia</kwd><kwd>colloids</kwd><kwd>dextran</kwd><kwd>low-volume resuscitation</kwd><kwd>effective dose</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Григорьев ЕВ, Лебединский КМ, Щеголев АВ, Бобовник СВ, Буланов АЮ, Заболотских ИБ и др. 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