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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экстремальная биомедицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extreme Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8964</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8972</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47183/mes.2023.053</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mes-49</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности реакции сердечно-сосудистой системы организма человека на погружение в холодную воду</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Specifics of reaction of human cardiovascular system to immersion in cold water</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбьякова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybyakova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оганнисян</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ogannisyan</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мкртыч Гагикович Оганнисян</p><p>ул. Б. Дорогомиловская, д. 5, г. Москва, 121059</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный государственный университет физической культуры, спорта и здоровья имени П. Ф. Лесгафта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр спортивной медицины и реабилитации Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранова Т.И., Рыбьякова Т.В., Дмитриева М.О., Анисимов Д.А., Тарасова М.С., Оганнисян М.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранова Т.И., Рыбьякова Т.В., Дмитриева М.О., Анисимов Д.А., Тарасова М.С., Оганнисян М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranova T.I., Rybyakova T.V., Dmitrieva M.O., Anisimov D.A., Tarasova M.S., Ogannisyan M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/49">https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/49</self-uri><abstract><p>Зимнее плавание отличается экстремальной холодовой нагрузкой, которая может вызывать нарушение дыхания, аритмии, повышение АД (артериального давления) даже у почти здоровых людей. Спортсменам зимнего плавания необходимы дополнительные критерии допуска к тренировкам, оценивающие реакцию сердечно-сосудистой системы (ССС) на холодную воду. Целью исследования было определить риск патологических отклонений у обследованных с различной реактивностью ССС на погружение в холодную воду. Реактивность ССС оценивали посредством пробы холодо-гипоксического воздействия (ХГВ) по разработанному ранее алгоритму. Проанализированы реакция ССС на пробу ХГВ и данные после заплывов в холодной воде. В лаборатории обследованы практически здоровые 255 женщины и 205 мужчин 18–25 лет. ЭКГ регистрировали на кардиоанализаторе «Поли-Спектр-8/Е». Для статистического анализа использовали пакет GraphPad Prism 8 для Windows 10. Установлено: при ХГВ у высокореактивных и реактивных обследованных удлиняется PQ-интервал: в исходном состоянии (ИС) 158 ± 7,2, при ХГВ — 178 ± 9,1(p &lt; 0,01); у испытуемых парадоксального типа при ХГВ на фоне увеличения ЧСС наблюдали увеличение QTc — в ИС 405 ± 7,1, при ХГВ — 420 ± 7,5 (p &lt; 0,05). При ХГВ относительно ИС в среднем АД повышалось — САД на 17,4 ± 4,3 мм рт. ст., ДАД на 12,9 ± 3,1 мм рт. ст. (p &lt; 0,05). При заплывах в холодной воде у адаптированных к холоду пловцов в 50% случаев QTc превышал норму, например, в ИС QTc — 434 ± 24, после заплыва — 492 ± 25 с. После заплыва на 200 м при t = 1,5–2 °C в среднем по группе АД повышалось по сравнению с ИС САД на 16,9 ± 3,1 мм рт. ст., ДАД на 12,3 ± 2,3 мм рт. ст. (p &lt; 0,05). Проанализировав данные, пришли к выводу — на основе пробы ХГВ можно разработать специфические критерии допуска к занятиям холодовым плаванием.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Winter swimming implies extreme cold stress, which can cause respiratory disorders, arrhythmias, and elevated blood pressure even in generally healthy people. Pre-training examinations for athletes practicing winter swimming should include additional criteria evaluating reaction of the cardiovascular system (CVS) to cold water. This study aimed to determine the risk of pathological abnormalities in the examined individuals exhibiting different CVS reactions to immersion in cold water. We assessed reactivity of CVS with the help of a cold-hypoxic test (CHT), following a previously developed algorithm. The subjects of the analysis were CVS reactions to CHT and physical data collected after swimming in cold water. The study involved 255 female and 205 male participants, all of them almost healthy, aged 18–25 years. They participated in testing in a laboratory setting. Poly-Spektr-8/E cardiograph was used to record ECGs, and GraphPad Prism 8 package for Windows 10 for statistical analysis. Findings: in highly reactive and reactive participants, CHT causes lengthening of the PQ interval, with its value in the initial state (IS) equal to 158 ± 7.2, and with CHT — 178 ± 9.1 (p &lt; 0.01); in subjects of he paradoxical type, CHT, against the background of higher pulse, triggered increase of QTc, which in the IS was 405 ± 7.1, with CHT — 420 ± 7.5 (p &lt; 0.05). As for blood pressure, on average, CHT made it grow, SBD by 17.4 ± 4.3 mmHg, DBP by 12.9 ± 3.1 mmHg (p &lt; 0.05). Swimmers adapted to cold, when swimming in cold water, had QTc above normal in 50% of cases: e.g., if IS of QTc was 434 ± 24 s, after swimming it increased to 492 ± 25 s. After a 200 m swim at t = 1.5–2 °C, the average blood pressure in the group, compared to IS, increased, with SBD growing by 16.9 ± 3.1 mmHg, and DBP — by 12.3 ± 2.3 mmHg (p &lt; 0.05). Having analyzed the data, we conclude that CHT can be the basis of additional criteria extending examinations for athletes seeking admittance to cold water swimming.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>зимнее плавание</kwd><kwd>дыхательная система</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистая система</kwd><kwd>автономная регуляция</kwd><kwd>сердечные аритмии</kwd><kwd>внутрисердечное проведение</kwd><kwd>периферический вазоспазм</kwd><kwd>гипертензивный ответ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>winter swimming</kwd><kwd>respiratory system</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular system</kwd><kwd>autonomic regulation</kwd><kwd>cardiac arrhythmias</kwd><kwd>intracardiac conduction</kwd><kwd>peripheral vasospasm</kwd><kwd>hypertension</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huttunen P, Rintamäki H. 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