mesЭкстремальная биомедицинаExtreme Medicine3033-89643033-8972Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.47183/mes.2023.031mes-50Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕORIGINAL RESEARCHТранскрипционные факторы в скелетной мышце человека, ассоциированные с однократным и регулярными силовыми упражнениямиTranscription factors in human skeletal muscle associated with single and regular strength exercisesЛедневЕ. М.LednevE. M.

Егор Михайлович Леднев

Хорошевское шоссе, д. 76А, г. Москва, 123007

Egor M. Lednev

Khoroshevskoe sh., 76A, Moscow, 123007 

ledhauz@gmail.comМахновскийП. А.MakhnovskiiP. A.

Москва

Moscow

ВепхвадзеТ. Ф.VepkhvadzeT. F

Москва

Moscow

СултановР. И.SultanovR. I.

Москва

Moscow

ЖеланкинА. В.ZhelankinA. V.

Москва

Moscow

КаныгинаА. В.KanyginaA. V.

Москва

Moscow

ПоповД. В.PopovD. V.

Москва

Moscow

ГенерозовЭ. В.GenerozovE. V.

Москва

Moscow

Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины имени Ю. М. Лопухина Федерального медико-биологического агентств; Институт медико-биологических проблем Российской академии наукРоссияLopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency; Institute for Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут медико-биологических проблем Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute for Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины имени Ю. М. Лопухина Федерального медико-биологического агентствРоссияLopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian Federation202323102024253104112Copyright © Леднев Е.М., Махновский П.А., Вепхвадзе Т.Ф., Султанов Р.И., Желанкин А.В., Каныгина А.В., Попов Д.В., Генерозов Э.В., 20242024Леднев Е.М., Махновский П.А., Вепхвадзе Т.Ф., Султанов Р.И., Желанкин А.В., Каныгина А.В., Попов Д.В., Генерозов Э.В.Lednev E.M., Makhnovskii P.A., Vepkhvadze T.F., Sultanov R.I., Zhelankin A.V., Kanygina A.V., Popov D.V., Generozov E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/50

Пластичность скелетной мышцы — способность менять морфофункциональные свойства в ответ на изменение сократительной активности. Силовые тренировки ведут к увеличению размеров мышечных волокон и максимальной силы с активацией синтеза белков. Регуляция этих изменений на генном уровне мало изучена. Целью работы было выявить транскрипционные факторы, ассоциированные с изменением транскриптома скелетной мышцы человека при однократном и регулярных силовых упражнениях. Изменение транскриптомного профиля оценивали в m. vastus lateralis 10 молодых мужчин (возраст 23 (20,8–25,9) года) до и после 12-недельной силовой тренировки мышц-разгибателей ног, а также до, через 8 и 24 ч после однократного упражнения. Транскриптомные профили оценивали методом РНК секвенирования, поиска мотивов связывания и ассоциированных транскрипционных факторов. Использовали биоинформатические методы статистики, программы FastQC, GraphPad Prizm 8, DAVID, R. Длительная силовая тренировка привела к обогащению функциональных групп генов «секретируемые белки», «внеклеточный матрикс» и «базальная мембрана» (p < 0,05). Транскриптомные ответы и ассоциированные транскрипционные факторы различались через 8 и 24 ч после однократной нагрузки, а также после регулярных тренировок. Транскрипционные факторы, участвующие в адаптации к длительной и однократной нагрузке, участвуют в миогенезе, ангиогенезе, регуляции фенотипа волокон, протеостазе и иных процессах. Таким образом, регуляция экспрессии генов при адаптации к силовым нагрузкам — сложный процесс с участием множества транскрипционных факторов с разными функциями. Изучение роли этих факторов в адаптации скелетной мышцы к упражнениям является перспективной задачей.

Skeletal muscle plasticity is the ability to change morphofunctional properties in response to changes in contractile activity. Strength training increases the size of muscle fibers and maximum strength with the activation of protein synthesis. Regulation of these changes at the gene level has not been investigated properly. This study aimed to identify transcription factors associated with changes in the transcriptome of the human skeletal muscle in the context of single and regular strength exercises. We assessed changes in the transcriptomic profile of m. vastus lateralis of 10 young men (mean age 23 (20.8 - 25.9) years) before and after 12-week leg extensor muscles strength training course, as well as before, 8 and 24 hours after a single exercise. Transcriptomic profiling involved RNA sequencing, search for binding motifs and the associated transcription factors. Bioinformatic methods of statistics, FastQC, GraphPad Prizm 8, DAVID, R enabled analysis of the data acquired. The strength training course resulted in the enrichment of the functional groups of genes "secreted proteins", "extracellular matrix" and "basal membrane" (p < 0.05). Transcriptomic responses and the associated transcription factors differed 8 and 24 hours after a single session as well as after regular training sessions. Transcription factors involved in adjustment to regular and one-time loads participate in myogenesis, angiogenesis, regulation of fiber phenotype, proteostasis and other processes. Thus, regulation of gene expression during adjustment to the resistance training loads is a complex process that involves many transcription factors with different functions. Investigation of the role played by these factors in the context of adjustment to exercising is a potentially rewarding task.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.