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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экстремальная биомедицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extreme Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8964</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8972</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47183/mes.2023.026</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mes-52</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние гипотермии легкой степени на сосудистый тонус микроциркуляторного русла головного мозга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of mild hypothermia on the cerebral microvascular tone</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Николаевна Мельникова</p><p>наб. Макарова, д. 6, г. Санкт-Петербург, 199034</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda N. Melnikova</p><p>nab. Makarova, 6, Saint Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">melnn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физиологии имени И. П. Павлова Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мельникова Н.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мельникова Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Melnikova N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/52">https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/52</self-uri><abstract><p>Острая кровопотеря сопровождается ухудшением кровообращения, в том числе, на микроциркуляторном уровне. В клинических и в экспериментальных исследованиях идет поиск возможности нивелировать последствия этих нарушений. Использование гипотермии рассматривают не только как один из способов повышения выживаемости, но и как средство для улучшения церебрального микроциркуляторного кровообращения при геморрагии. Целью исследования было изучить состояние артериальных церебральных сосудов крыс при воздействии легкой гипотермии после острой кровопотери средней степени. Исследование проведено на наркотизированных крысах линии Вистар с помощью методики прижизненного микроскопирования. Изучали реакции пиальных артерий (начальный диаметр 10–40 мкм) при охлаждении животных до ректальной температуры 34 °С в условиях гемодинамической стабильности и при моделировании кровопотери (20% от ОЦК) при нормотермии и при гипотермии легкой степени. Результаты исследования показали, что 3,5 ч экспозиции в изучаемых условиях сопровождались вазоконстрикцией у животных всех исследуемых групп. При гипотермическом состоянии организма наблюдали первоначальное уменьшение диаметра на 9% от уровня фона (от 24,9 ± 0,9 мкм до 22,7 ± 0,7 мкм; p &lt; 0,05), а затем его восстановление через 2 ч (до 25,7 ± 1,7; p &gt; 0,05). При кровопотере диаметр церебральных микрососудов уменьшался на протяжении первого часа на 20–25% (от 23,4 ± 0,7 мкм до 17,6 ± 1,1 мкм; p &lt; 0,001) без дальнейшего восстановления (диаметр через 3,5 ч наблюдений составлял 16,7 ± 0,8 мкм). Вазоконстрикция при использовании гипотермии после кровопотери составила 8–10% за первые 45 мин наблюдений (от 22,6 ± 1,3 мкм до 20,3 ± 1,2 мкм; p &lt; 0,05) с последующим уменьшением сокращения (диаметр через 3,5 ч наблюдений составлял 21,4 ± 1,4 мкм). Сделан вывод, что использование легкой гипотермии приводило к сокращению вазоконстрикторного влияния умеренной кровопотери на пиальные микрососуды.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Acute blood loss is associated with deterioration of blood circulation, including microcirculation. Clinical and experimental studies are focused on the search for the possibility of neutralizing the consequences of such impairment. The use of hypothermia is considered not only as a method to improve survival, but also as a method to improve cerebral microcirculation in hemorrhage. The study was aimed to assess the state of the rats’ cerebral arteries in cases of mild hypothermic exposure after acute moderate blood loss. The study involving anesthetized Wistar rats was performed by vital microscopy. We assessed the responses of pial arteries (initial diameter 10–40 µm) in animals cooled to the rectal temperature of 34 °С under conditions of hemodynamic stability and when simulating blood loss (20% of total blood loss) in normothermic animals and animals with mild hypothermia. The findings showed that 3.5 h of exposure were associated with vasoconstriction in animals of all studied groups. Hypothermic state of the body was associated with initial decrease in the diameter by 9% of the baseline (24.9 ± 0.9 µm to 22.7 ± 0.7 µm; p &lt; 0.05) followed by restoration of the diameter after 2 h (to 25.7 ± 1.7; p &gt; 0.05). Blood loss was associated with the decrease in the diameter of cerebral blood vessels by 20–25% within the first hour (23.4 ± 0.7 µm to 17.6 ± 1.1 µm; p &lt; 0.001) and no subsequent restoration (the diameter was 16.7 ± 0.8 µm after 3.5 h of monitoring). When using hypothermia, vasoconstriction following blood loss was 8–10% in the first 45 min of monitoring (22.6 ± 1.3 µm to 20.3 ± 1.2 µm; p &lt; 0.05), then the constriction decrease was observed (the diameter was 21.4 ± 1.4 µm after 3.5 h of monitoring). It was concluded that the use of mild hypothermia resulted in the reduced vasoconstrictor effect of moderate blood loss on the pial microvessels.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипотермия</kwd><kwd>кровопотеря</kwd><kwd>церебральные сосуды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypothermia</kwd><kwd>blood loss</kwd><kwd>cerebral vessels</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Госпрограммы 47 ГП «Научно-технологическое развитие Российской Федерации» (2019–2030), тема 0134-2019-003.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the State Programme 47 GP “Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation” (2019–2030), project 0134-2019-003.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perlman R, Callum J, Laflamme C, Tien H, Nascimento B, Beckett A, Alam A. 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