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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экстремальная биомедицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extreme Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8964</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8972</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47183/mes.2026-544</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mes-544</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOXICOLOGY &amp; CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Отягощение острой алкогольной интоксикации у свиней при тепловом стрессе: экспериментальное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Exacerbation of acute alcohol intoxication in pigs under heat stress: An experimental study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1057-5356</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивницкий</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivnitsky</surname><given-names>Ju. Ju.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивницкий Юрий Юрьевич, д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neugierig@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9665-9866</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вакуненкова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vakunenkova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вакуненкова Ольга Александровна</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volga-2303@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9708-2596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотоверхая</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotoverkhaja</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Золотоверхая Екатерина Андреевна, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.zolotoverkhaja@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5092-8161</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гафт</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaft</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гафт Семен Самуилович, канд. хим. наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sgaft@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3418-1095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapyna</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лапина Наталья Вадимовна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lapina2005@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4472-6546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рейнюк</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rejniuk</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рейнюк Владимир Леонидович, д-р мед. наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladton@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-клинический центр токсикологии им. академика С.Н. Голикова Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Golikov Research Center of Toxicology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>0</issue><issue-title>Online First</issue-title><elocation-id>544</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ивницкий Ю.Ю., Вакуненкова О.А., Золотоверхая Е.А., Гафт С.С., Лапина Н.В., Рейнюк В.Л., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ивницкий Ю.Ю., Вакуненкова О.А., Золотоверхая Е.А., Гафт С.С., Лапина Н.В., Рейнюк В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivnitsky J.J., Vakunenkova O.A., Zolotoverkhaja E.A., Gaft S.S., Lapyna N.V., Rejniuk V.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/544">https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/544</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Предположение о влиянии температуры окружающей среды на проявления алкогольной интоксикации сделано давно, однако отягощение острой алкогольной интоксикации тепловым стрессом остается гипотезой. Механизмы этого феномена в литературе также не освещены.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка влияния теплового стресса на метаболизм, тепловой и неврологический статус свиней при острой алкогольной интоксикации средней степени.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. У двух-трехмесячных самцов свиней породы ландрас массой 30–40 кг, содержавшихся при температуре воздуха 24 и 40 °С, в течение 3 ч после внутривенного введения этанола в дозе 1,2 г/кг оценивали неврологический статус, определяли ректальную температуру, показатели внешнего дыхания, кровообращения, сатурацию кислородом гемоглобина артериальной крови, кислотно-основное состояние, газовый состав и биохимические показатели венозной крови. Статистический анализ выполняли с помощью программного обеспечения OriginPro.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Все животные сохраняли реакции на звуковой и болевой стимулы в контроле и утрачивали их в опыте. При температуре воздуха 40 °С ректальная температура повышалась на 2,4 °С при тенденции к ее снижению в контроле (24 °С); развивалось тахипноэ. При 40 °С в венозной крови на 22% снижалось напряжение кислорода и на 20% — сатурация кислородом гемоглобина при их повышении в контроле на 42 и 15% соответственно; на 16% снижалось содержание гидрокарбоната, развивались дефицит буферных оснований и метаболический ацидоз с падением pH на 0,1; уровень лактата повышался на 186%, пирувата — на 68%, аммиака — на 152% и бактериального эндотоксина — на 40% при отсутствии их значимых изменений в контроле.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Острая алкогольная интоксикация средней степени у свиней в условиях теплового стресса качественно отличалась от таковой при тепловом комфорте развитием острой церебральной недостаточности, эквивалентной коме у человека, тахипноэ, венозной гипоксемии, метаболического лактат-ацидоза, пируватемии и эндотоксемии, включавшей в себя гипераммониемию и эндотоксинемию. Возникновение подобных эффектов у человека потребует уточнения ныне используемых методов прогнозирования и оценки тяжести алкогольной интоксикации, основанных на сведениях о дозе этанола, его содержании в крови и выдыхаемом воздухе.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The hypothesis that ambient temperature influences the manifestations of alcohol intoxication was proposed long ago; however, the exacerbation of acute alcohol intoxication by heat stress remains empirically unconfirmed. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have likewise not been described in the literature.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the impact of heat stress on metabolism, thermal status, and neurological status in pigs with moderate acute alcohol intoxication.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In two- to three-month-old male Landrace pigs weighing 30–40 kg, kept at ambient temperatures of 24 °C and 40 °C, the neurological status was assessed, and rectal temperature, external respiration parameters, circulatory parameters, arterial blood hemoglobin oxygen saturation, acid-base status, blood gas composition, and venous blood biochemical parameters were determined within 3 h after intravenous administration of ethanol at a dose of 1.2 g/kg. Statistical analysis was performed using OriginPro software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. All animals in the control group retained responses to auditory and painful stimuli but lost them in the experimental group. At an ambient temperature of 40 °C, rectal temperature increased by 2.4 °C, whereas a tendency toward its decrease was observed in the control group (24 °C); tachypnea developed. At 40 °C, venous blood oxygen tension decreased by 22% and hemoglobin oxygen saturation decreased by 20%, while in the control group these parameters increased by 42% and 15%, respectively. Bicarbonate levels decreased by 16%; base deficit and metabolic acidosis developed, with a 0.1-unit drop in pH. Lactate levels increased by 186%, pyruvate by 68%, ammonia by 152%, and bacterial endotoxin by 40%, whereas no significant changes in these parameters were observed in the control group.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Moderate acute alcohol intoxication in pigs under heat stress differed qualitatively from that under comfort thermal conditions as evidenced by the development of acute cerebral insufficiency (equivalent to coma in humans), tachypnea, venous hypoxemia, metabolic lactate acidosis, pyruvatemia, and endotoxemia, which included hyperammonemia and endotoxinemia. The occurrence of such effects in humans would require refinement of the currently used methods for predicting and assessing the severity of alcohol intoxication, which are based on data regarding the ethanol dose, its concentration in blood, and its levels in exhaled air.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алкогольная интоксикация</kwd><kwd>тепловой стресс</kwd><kwd>кома</kwd><kwd>тахипноэ</kwd><kwd>метаболический ацидоз</kwd><kwd>лактацидемия</kwd><kwd>пируватемия</kwd><kwd>гипераммониемия</kwd><kwd>эндотоксемия</kwd><kwd>эндотоксинемия</kwd><kwd>свиньи</kwd><kwd>исследование на животных</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcohol intoxication</kwd><kwd>heat stress</kwd><kwd>coma</kwd><kwd>tachypnea</kwd><kwd>metabolic acidosis</kwd><kwd>lactic acidemia</kwd><kwd>pyruvic acidemia</kwd><kwd>hyperammonemia</kwd><kwd>endotoxemia</kwd><kwd>endotoxinemia</kwd><kwd>pigs</kwd><kwd>animal study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kenttämies A, Karkola K. 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