mesЭкстремальная биомедицинаExtreme Medicine3033-89643033-8972Centre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency10.47183/mes.2021.044mes-80Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWПерспективы терапии рака молочной железы с использованием онколитических вирусовRecombinant adeno-associated viruses as a gene delivery vehicle for the use in molecular medicineБлаговА. В.BlagovA. V.

Александр Владимирович Благов,

д. 5, к. 6, ул. Щукинская, г. Москва, 123182. 

Alexander V. Blagov,

5, k. 6, Shchukinskaya str., Moscow, 123182.

ABlagov@cspfmba.ruЦентр стратегического планирования Федерального медико-биологического агентстваРоссияCentre for Strategic Planning of the Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian Federation2021241020242343441Copyright © Благов А.В., 20242024Благов А.В.Blagov A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.extrememedicine.ru/jour/article/view/80

Рак молочной железы (РМЖ) — онкологическое заболевание с высокой распространенностью и смертностью среди женщин во всем мире. Диагностика РМЖ не столь эффективна для выявления заболевания на ранних стадиях, а терапевтические методы связаны с тяжелыми побочными эффектами. Онколитические вирусы могут стать новым эффективным средством в терапии РМЖ. Их эффективность обусловлена двумя типами воздействия на раковую опухоль: непосредственным уничтожением опухолевых клеток и запуском противоопухолевого иммунного ответа. Повысить эффективность терапии онколитическими вирусами можно путем конструирования генетически-модифицированных вирусов, обладающих лучшей селективностью к опухолевым клеткам молочной железы и (или) способных к большему усилению противоопухолевого иммунного ответа. Представлены дальнейшие направления применения онколитических вирусов в терапии РМЖ, оптимальные пути доставки вирусов в опухоль и эффективность их использования в комбинации с другими терапевтическими средствами (методами), а также перспектива использования онколитических вирусов в качестве противоопухолевых вакцин.

Prospects of using oncolytic viruses in breast cancer therapy

Breast cancer (BC) is a cancer with a high prevalence and mortality among women worldwide.  With the current diagnostics methods, BC may remain undetected at its early stages, and the therapies developed for the disease are associated with severe side effects. Oncolytic viruses can be the basis of the new, effective BC treatment approaches. The viruses destroy tumor cells directly and launch the antitumor immune response; this dual action supports their efficacy. It is possible to make the oncolytic virus therapy more effective by designing genetically modified viruses that can target BC cells better and/or induce a stronger antitumor immune response. This review outlines the directions of development of oncolytic viruses in BC treatment, covers the optimal ways of delivering viruses to the tumor and the efficacy of their use in combination with other therapeutic agents (methods) and presents the prospects of using oncolytic viruses in antitumor vaccines.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.