Получение хрящеподобных структур из стволовых клеток с индуцированной плюрипотентностью

Одним из подходов для решения проблемы восстановления хрящевой ткани является использование клеточных технологий с применением ИПСК, обладающих большим потенциалом к дифференцировке и являющихся неограниченным источником клеточного материала для тканевой инженерии. Однако стандартизированных протоколов хондрогенной дифференцировки ИПСК нет. Целью работы было получить хрящеподобные образцы ткани с помощью метода 3D-культивирования сфероидов с использованием четырех протоколов хондрогенной дифференцировки, сравнить характеристики хрящеподобных образцов, полученных с помощью разных протоколов, и определить наиболее эффективный способ дифференцировки. ИПСК дифференцировали по хондрогенному пути с помощью четырех протоколов («долгий», «короткий», «комбинированный», с кондиционированной средой от первичной культуры аутологичных хондроцитов) при различном сочетании факторов TGFβ1, BMP2, Chir 99021 и РК. Для получения сфероидов использовали планшеты с микролунками. Профили синтеза и экспрессии оценивали с помощью методов иммуноцитохимического окрашивания, ПЦР в реальном времени, а также гистологического окрашивания. Высокие показатели синтеза и экспрессии хондрогенных маркеров Sox9, аггрекана, коллагена II типа наблюдали в сфероидах «долгого», «комбинированного» протоколов и протокола с кондиционированной средой. Хондрогенез наиболее эффективно проходит при использовании «комбинированного» протокола дифференцировки. Высокую эффективность показало также использование кондиционированной среды для индукции и поддержания хондрогенной дифференцировки.

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