Ингибиторы растительного и грибного происхождения в противоопухолевой терапии

Введение. Ингибиторы растительного и грибного происхождения (ИРГП) представляют собой перспективное направление в противоопухолевой терапии, предлагая разнообразные механизмы действия, в большинстве случаев отличающиеся от традиционных химиотерапевтических препаратов. Как правило, ИРГП одновременно влияют на несколько метаболических путей, что снижает вероятность развития резистентности, оказывая комбинированный эффект на разные мишени в раковой клетке.

Цель. Изучить перспективные направления в создании новых противоопухолевых препаратов для последующего лечения, обобщить современные данные о механизмах действия ИРГП в контексте комплексного подхода к лечению злокачественных опухолей.

Обсуждение. В настоящее время усиленно проводится поиск новых соединений с противоопухолевым потенциалом. ИРГП представляют собой перспективное направление в противоопухолевой терапии, предлагая разнообразные механизмы действия. Многие традиционные химиотерапевтические препараты также имеют растительное происхождение и обладают хорошей эффективностью, что подтверждает актуальность изучения данной тематики. Солидные опухоли обладают повышенной способностью к активной пролиферации и ангиогенезу, что объясняет неизменный интерес к активному поиску новых соединений растительного происхождения с антиангиогенными свойствами, наряду с исследованиями других ИРГП. Как правило, ИРГП одновременно влияют на несколько метаболических путей, что снижает вероятность развития резистентности, оказывая комбинированный эффект на разные мишени в раковой клетке.

Выводы. В обзоре рассмотрены молекулярные механизмы действия ИРГП, включающие в себя подавление ангиогенеза и пролиферации раковых клеток, индукцию апоптоза, модуляцию клеточного цикла, а также прямой цитотоксический эффект путем стимуляции активности CD8⁺ Т-лимфоцитов, NK-клеток и макрофагов.

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