Структурные и функциональные изменения в головном мозге космонавтов под влиянием микрогравитации

Во время космического полета космонавты вынуждены приспосабливаться к новым специфическим условиям окружающей среды. Это приводит к накоплению изменений в организме, которые в конечном счете могут вызывать нежелательные последствия, способные оказывать негативное влияние на успех проводимой миссии. В обзоре рассмотрены публикации, посвященные функциональным и структурным изменениям головного мозга, происходящим во время космического полета. Основным фактором, вызывающим описываемые изменения, считается микрогравитация, приводящая к перераспределению жидкости в организме, а также обуславливающая адаптационные нейронные перестройки на микроструктурном уровне. Помимо этого, затрагиваются и другие факторы космического полета, способные оказывать влияние на головной мозг. Рассмотрены также публикации, на основе которых можно выдвигать предположения о конкретных причинах наблюдаемых морфофункциональных перестроек в головном мозге космонавтов.

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